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1 recipient's name
Транспорт: ФИО получателя -
2 реципиент
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3 business letter format
бизн. формат делового письма, формат служебного письмаКомментарии к формату (см. рис.)If your stationery includes a letterhead, skip this block. Type your name and address along with other relevant contact information such as e-mail or fax number.If your stationery includes a letterhead, type the date from 2 to 6 lines under the letterhead. Otherwise type it under the return address.Use this block to identify what the letter is in regards to. Examples are: "Re: Invoice 12345" or "Re: Your letter dated January 15, 2010.".Always in caps. Examples include SPECIAL DELIVERY, CERTIFIED MAIL, AIRMAIL, VIA FACSIMILE.Notation on private correspondence if needed such as PERSONAL or CONFIDENTIAL. This goes just above the recipient.Type the name and address of the person and / or company. If you are using an attention line (block 7) then skip the person's name. Address the envelope similarly.Type the name of the personType the recipient's name. Use Mr. or Ms. [Last Name] to show respect, but don't try to guess spelling or gender if you are not sure. Some common salutations are: "Dear [Full Name]:", "To Whom it May Concern:".Type a short description on what the letter is about. If you used a reference line, then you likely do not need a subject line.Type two spaces between sentences.Completing the LetterIt depends on the tone and degree of formality as to what you write here. Can vary from the very formal "Respectfully yours" to the typical "Sincerely" to the friendly "Cordially yours".Leave four blank lines after the Complimentary Close (block 11) to sign your name. Type your name and (optional) title under that signature.If someone else has typed the letter for you, it is common for them to indicate so with initials. Typically it is your initials in upper case followed by the other initials in lower case. For example "BCT/gt". If you typed your own letter, skip this block.If you are including other things with the letter such as brochures, this line tells the reader how many to expect. Common styles include "Enclosures: 3".If you are distributing copies of the letter to others, indicate so using a copies block. the code "cc:" used to indicate carbon copies but now is commonly called courtesy copies.Don't type the brackets. The brackets [ ] in the examples are for narrative purposes only.Try to keep your letters to one page.Use letterhead only for the first page. Just use a blank sheet of paper for continuation pages.You have some freedom in how many blank lines to use between blocks and in the margin sizes in order to fit a letter onto a single page.Not all letters need every block identified in this article. If you leave one out, do not leave blank lines where the blocks would have been.Англо-русский универсальный дополнительный практический переводческий словарь И. Мостицкого > business letter format
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4 ФИО получателя
Transport: recipient's name -
5 autoresponder
E-coman e-mail software application that enables Internet users to send automated e-mails when they are not able to respond to incoming e-mail. Some autoresponse software enables a degree of personalization, for example, by incorporating the recipient’s name in the responding message. -
6 получатель
1. acceptor2. beneficiary3. payee4. receipient5. remittee6. taker7. allottee8. grantee9. presentee10. addressee; recipient11. transferee12. receiverСинонимический ряд:адресат (сущ.) адресат -
7 получатель
1. recipient2. receiverБизнес, юриспруденция. Русско-английский словарь > получатель
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8 échapper
échapper [e∫ape]➭ TABLE 11. intransitive verb► échapper à [+ danger, destin, punition, mort] to escape ; [+ poursuivants] to escape from ; (par ruse) to evade ; [+ obligations, responsabilités] to evade ; [+ corvée] to get out of ; [+ ennuis] to avoid• tu ne m'échapperas pas ! you won't get away from me!• ce qu'il a dit m'a échappé ( = je n'ai pas entendu) I didn't catch what he said ; ( = je n'ai pas compris) I didn't understand what he said• faire échapper un prisonnier to help a prisoner to escape► laisser échapper [+ gros mot, cri] to let out ; [+ objet] to drop ; [+ occasion] to let slip ; [+ détail] to overlook2. reflexive verb* * *eʃape
1.
échapper à verbe transitif indirect1) ( se dérober à)échapper à — ( par la fuite) to get away from [poursuivant]; ( par la ruse) to elude [enquêteur, chasseur]
2) ( éviter)échapper à — to escape [mort, faillite]; (to manage) to avoid [accident, châtiment]
échapper à une taxation — ( légalement) to be exempt from tax; ( illégalement) to evade a tax
échapper aux réunions de famille/à l'obligation de faire — to get out of family gatherings/of having to do
3) ( se libérer de)échapper à — to escape from [milieu social]; to shake off [angoisse, désespoir]
je sens qu'il m'échappe — (mari, amant) I feel he is drifting away from me; ( enfant) I feel he's growing away from me
4) ( tomber)échapper à quelqu'un or des mains de quelqu'un — [objet] to slip out of somebody's hands
6) ( intellectuellement)7) ( ne pas suivre)échapper à — to defy [classification, logique]
2.
s'échapper verbe pronominal1) ( s'enfuir) [personne, animal] to run away (de from); [oiseau] to fly away (de from); ( d'un lieu clos) to escape (de from); ( ne pas être pris) to get awaylaisser échapper — [personne] to let [somebody] get away [personne, animal]; to let [something] slip between one's fingers [victoire]; to let [something] slip [occasion]
2) ( se répandre) [gaz, fumée] to escape (de, par from); [eau] to leak (de, par from)3) ( partir) to get away4) ( être produit)laisser échapper — to shed [larmes]; to let out [parole, soupir]
••* * *eʃape vi1)échapper à [gardien] — to escape from
Le prisonnier a réussi à échapper à la police. — The prisoner managed to escape from the police.
2)échapper à [punition, péril] — to escape
Nous l'avons échappé belle. — We had a narrow escape.
3)échapper à qn [détail, sens] — to escape sb, [objet qu'on tient] to slip out of sb's hands
ça m'a échappé (indiscrétion, gros mot) — it just slipped out
Il m'a échappé des mains. — It slipped out of my hands.
laisser échapper qch [corde, vase, verre, statuette] — to let sth fall, [cri] to let out sth, [victoire, occasion, chance] to let sth escape, to let sth slip through one's hands
* * *échapper verb table: aimerA échapper à vtr ind1 ( se dérober) échapper à ( par la fuite) to get away from [poursuivant, prédateur]; ( par la ruse) to elude [enquêteur, chasseur];2 ( éviter) échapper à to escape [mort, destruction, destin, faillite]; (to manage) to avoid [accident, châtiment, danger, contraintes]; échapper à tout contrôle not to be subject to any control; échapper à une taxation ( légalement) to be exempt from tax; ( illégalement) to evade a tax; personne n'échappe à leurs commentaires acides no-one is spared their cutting remarks; échapper aux réunions de famille to get out of family gatherings; échapper à l'obligation de faire to get out of having to do; ils s'attendent à ta visite, tu n'y échapperas pas they're expecting you, you won't be able to get out of it;3 ( se libérer de) échapper à to escape from [milieu social]; to shake off [angoisse, désespoir]; pour échapper aux railleries to escape being teased; il n'échappe pas à l'influence de sa mère he is still under his mother's influence; c'est l'âge où les enfants commencent à vous échapper it's the age when your children begin to grow away from you; je sens qu'il m'échappe [mari, amant] I feel that he is drifting away from me;4 ( tomber) échapper à qn [objet] to slip out of sb's hands; la bouteille a failli m'échapper the bottle nearly slipped out of my hands; échapper des mains de qn [objet] to slip out of sb's hands;5 ( être produit involontairement) un soupir/grognement m'a échappé I let out a sigh/groan; une parole cynique m'a échappé I let slip a cynical comment; cela m'a échappé it just slipped out;6 ( intellectuellement) échapper à to escape; le titre m'échappe pour le moment the title escapes me for the moment; cela m'échappe ( trop compliqué) it's beyond me; l'ironie de ta remarque ne m'a pas échappé the irony of your remark did not escape me; la gravité de la situation n'échappe à personne the seriousness of the situation is obvious to everybody; ces disparités n'ont pas échappé au ministre the minister is fully aware of these disparities; l'erreur nous a échappé we did not spot the mistake; rien ne t'échappe! you don't miss a thing!;7 ( défier) échapper à to defy [classification, logique]; échapper à la règle to be an exception to the rule.B s'échapper vpr1 ( s'enfuir) [personne, animal] to run away (de from); [oiseau] to fly away (de from); ( d'un lieu clos) to escape (de from); ( ne pas être pris) to get away; faire échapper qn to help [sb] escape [personne]; faire échapper un animal to let an animal out; laisser échapper [personne] to let [sb] get away [personne, animal]; to let [sth] slip between one's fingers [victoire]; to let [sth] slip [occasion];2 ( se répandre) [gaz, fumée] to escape (de, par from); [eau] to leak (de, par from); laisser échapper [récipient, fissure, dispositif] to let [sth] out [vapeur, fumée]; laisser échapper de l'huile/du gaz/de l'eau [récipient] to have an oil/a gas/a water leak;3 ( partir) to get away; s'échapper pour quelques jours to get away for a few days; s'échapper d'une pièce/réunion to slip out of a room/meeting;4 ( être produit) laisser échapper to let [sth] fall [larmes]; to let out [parole, juron, soupir, secret]; un faible gémissement s'échappa de ses lèvres he/she gave a faint groan;5 Sport to break away.l'échapper belle to have a narrow escape.[eʃape] verbe transitif————————[eʃape] verbe intransitif1. [s'enfuir]a. [animal] to let outb. [détenu] to help to escape2. [secret, paroles]3. [glisser] to slip4. [erreur, occasion]————————échapper à verbe plus préposition3. [être dispensé de]a. [officiellement] to be exempt from taxationb. [en trichant] to evade income tax4. [être oublié par]son nom m'échappe his name escapes me ou has slipped my mindil ne vous aura pas échappé que... it will not have escaped your attention that...5. [être enlevé à]6. [être prononcé par]si des paroles désagréables m'ont échappé, je te prie de m'excuser if I let slip an unpleasant remark, I apologize————————s'échapper verbe pronominal intransitif2. [se rendre disponible] to get away5. SPORT [coureur] to break ou to draw away -
9 cobrar
v.1 to charge (commerce) (money).nos cobra 700 euros de alquiler al mes she charges us 700 euros rent a month, we pay her 700 euros rent a monthme cobró de más he overcharged mecantidades por cobrar amounts due¿me cobra? how much do I owe you? (al pagar)Ella cobra los martes She draws her pay every Tuesday.2 to earn, to be paid (un sueldo).cobra un millón al año she earns a million a yearestá cobrando el paro he's receiving unemployment benefit3 to take on, to acquire.cobrar fama to become famous4 to get paid.5 to collect, to recover, to retrieve.Ella cobra su sueldo los martes She collects her paycheck every Tuesday.6 to collect payment from, to ask for payment, to bill.Ella le cobra a María She collects payment from Mary.7 to gain, to take on, to get up, to pick up.Su auto cobró velocidad His car gained velocity.8 to cash in, to cash, to encash.Ricardo cobró su cheque Richard cashed in his check.9 to claim.Ella cobra una gran indemnización She claims a big compensation.* * *■ ¿cuánto te ha cobrado? how much did he charge you?■ ¿cuánto cobras? how much do you earn?2 (caza) to retrieve3 to get4 figurado (adquirir) to gain, get■ le he cobrado cariño a ese lugar I've taken a liking to this place, I've grown fond of this place1 to be in for it1 (dinero) to take, collect■ cóbrate el café can you take for the coffee?2 (víctimas) to claim3 (recuperar) to recover (de, from); (volver en sí) to come round\cobrarse venganza to take revenge* * *verb1) to charge2) collect3) get, earn4) draw* * *1. VT1) (=pedir como pago) to charge¿qué me va usted a cobrar? — what are you going to charge me?
¿cuánto os cobra de alquiler? — how much rent does she charge you?
me han cobrado demasiado — they've charged me too much, they've overcharged me
¿me cobra, por favor? — how much do I owe you?, can I have the bill, please?
¿me cobra los cafés? — how much do I owe you for the coffees?
2) (=recibir)no han cobrado el dinero prometido — they haven't been paid o received the money they were promised
cobran un sueldo anual de nueve millones — they get o earn o receive an annual salary of nine million
¿cuánto cobras al año? — how much do you get o earn a year?
cantidades a o por cobrar — amounts payable, amounts due
cuentas a o por cobrar — accounts receivable
3) (=recoger dinero de) [+ deuda, alquiler, impuesto] to collect; [+ cheque] to cash; [+ subsidio, pensión] to draw4) (=adquirir)•
cobrar cariño a algn — to grow fond of sbcobrar fama de inteligente/ladrón — to acquire a reputation for being intelligent/a thief
5) (=recuperar) [+ pieza de caza] to retrieve, fetch; [+ cuerda] to pull in, take in6) LAm2. VI1) (=recibir dinero)a) [como sueldo] to be paidel lechero vino a cobrar — the milkman came for his money, the milkman came to be paid
los atletas cobran por participar en la carrera — the athletes get paid o receive a fee for taking part in the race
b) [por servicio] to charge2) * (=recibir golpes)¡vas a cobrar! — you're (in) for it!
3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) <precio/suma> to chargenos cobran 30.000 pesos de alquiler — they charge us o we pay 30,000 pesos in rent
cobrar algo por algo/+ inf — to charge something for something/-ing
b) < sueldo> to earncobra 200.000 pesetas al mes — he earns 200,000 pesetas a month
cobrar la pensión — to collect o draw one's pension
2) < alquiler> to chargenos cobra un alquiler altísimo — he charges us o we pay him a very high rent
vino a cobrar el alquiler — she came for the rent o to collect the rent
¿me cobra estas cervezas? — can I pay for these beers, please?
3)a) < deuda> to recoverb) < cheque> to cash4)a) (Chi) ( pedir)b) (Chi) <gol/falta> to give5)a) ( adquirir)b) ( tomar)7)a) (period) <vidas/víctimas> to claimb) < botín> to carry offc) (Náut) to haul in2.cobrar via)cobrar por algo/+ inf — to charge for something/-ing
¿me cobra, por favor? — can you take for this, please?, can I pay, please?
llámame por cobrar — (Chi, Méx) call collect (AmE), reverse the charges (BrE)
b) ( recibir el sueldo) to be paidc) (fam) ( recibir una paliza)3.vas a cobrar! — you're going to get it! (colloq)
cobrarse v pron1) ( recibir dinero)tenga, cóbrese — here you are
cóbrese las cervezas — can you take for the beers, please?
2) < víctimas> to claim* * *= cash in, charge, exact + payment, levy + charge, debit.Ex. They have implemented a voluntary system for libraries of charging for photocopies with flat-rate 5 franc tokens, which can either be re-used by the recipient or cashed in for 4 francs.Ex. Information providers pay a fee to British Telecom, and may then charge users for each frame that they consult.Ex. Excessive emphasis on the need to exact payment will stifle the flow of information.Ex. Accordingly, the local library committee decided to levy a charge of 15 cents on each book borrowed, with suitable reductions for the elderly.Ex. An acquisitions file is intended to indicate the status of each title on order, together with information on its ordering (supplier, date etc., for whom it was ordered, and the heading or budget to which the cost is to be debited).----* Algo por lo que se puede cobrar = billable.* cobrar comisión = charge + commission.* cobrar en un trabajo = job + pay.* cobrar fuerza = gather + strength, grow in + power, gain + strength.* cobrar fuerzas = gain + strength.* cobrar ímpetu = gain + momentum, gather + strength, gain + impetus.* cobrar importancia = assume + importance, take on + added weight, move up + the agenda, gain + importance, be on the agenda.* cobrar impulso = gain + strength.* cobrar intensidad = gather + momentum, gain + momentum, pick up + speed, gather + pace.* cobrar nuevo entusiasmo = develop + renewed enthusiasm.* cobrar relevancia = be on the agenda.* cobrarse = face + charges, be billable.* cobrarse la vida de Alguien = claim + life.* cobrarse muchas vidas = take + a heavy toll of life.* cobrar tarifa = charge + commission.* cobrar una cuota = charge + fee.* cobrar una factura = collect + payment, receive + payment.* cobrar una multa = charge + fine.* cobrar una pensión = draw + a pension.* cobrar un precio = charge + price.* cobrar velocidad = gather + momentum, gather + pace.* cobrar vida = come + alive, come to + life.* por el que se puede cobrar = chargeable.* sin certeza de cobrar = on spec.* sin cobrar = free of charge, unredeemed, uncollected.* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) <precio/suma> to chargenos cobran 30.000 pesos de alquiler — they charge us o we pay 30,000 pesos in rent
cobrar algo por algo/+ inf — to charge something for something/-ing
b) < sueldo> to earncobra 200.000 pesetas al mes — he earns 200,000 pesetas a month
cobrar la pensión — to collect o draw one's pension
2) < alquiler> to chargenos cobra un alquiler altísimo — he charges us o we pay him a very high rent
vino a cobrar el alquiler — she came for the rent o to collect the rent
¿me cobra estas cervezas? — can I pay for these beers, please?
3)a) < deuda> to recoverb) < cheque> to cash4)a) (Chi) ( pedir)b) (Chi) <gol/falta> to give5)a) ( adquirir)b) ( tomar)7)a) (period) <vidas/víctimas> to claimb) < botín> to carry offc) (Náut) to haul in2.cobrar via)cobrar por algo/+ inf — to charge for something/-ing
¿me cobra, por favor? — can you take for this, please?, can I pay, please?
llámame por cobrar — (Chi, Méx) call collect (AmE), reverse the charges (BrE)
b) ( recibir el sueldo) to be paidc) (fam) ( recibir una paliza)3.vas a cobrar! — you're going to get it! (colloq)
cobrarse v pron1) ( recibir dinero)tenga, cóbrese — here you are
cóbrese las cervezas — can you take for the beers, please?
2) < víctimas> to claim* * *= cash in, charge, exact + payment, levy + charge, debit.Ex: They have implemented a voluntary system for libraries of charging for photocopies with flat-rate 5 franc tokens, which can either be re-used by the recipient or cashed in for 4 francs.
Ex: Information providers pay a fee to British Telecom, and may then charge users for each frame that they consult.Ex: Excessive emphasis on the need to exact payment will stifle the flow of information.Ex: Accordingly, the local library committee decided to levy a charge of 15 cents on each book borrowed, with suitable reductions for the elderly.Ex: An acquisitions file is intended to indicate the status of each title on order, together with information on its ordering (supplier, date etc., for whom it was ordered, and the heading or budget to which the cost is to be debited).* Algo por lo que se puede cobrar = billable.* cobrar comisión = charge + commission.* cobrar en un trabajo = job + pay.* cobrar fuerza = gather + strength, grow in + power, gain + strength.* cobrar fuerzas = gain + strength.* cobrar ímpetu = gain + momentum, gather + strength, gain + impetus.* cobrar importancia = assume + importance, take on + added weight, move up + the agenda, gain + importance, be on the agenda.* cobrar impulso = gain + strength.* cobrar intensidad = gather + momentum, gain + momentum, pick up + speed, gather + pace.* cobrar nuevo entusiasmo = develop + renewed enthusiasm.* cobrar relevancia = be on the agenda.* cobrarse = face + charges, be billable.* cobrarse la vida de Alguien = claim + life.* cobrarse muchas vidas = take + a heavy toll of life.* cobrar tarifa = charge + commission.* cobrar una cuota = charge + fee.* cobrar una factura = collect + payment, receive + payment.* cobrar una multa = charge + fine.* cobrar una pensión = draw + a pension.* cobrar un precio = charge + price.* cobrar velocidad = gather + momentum, gather + pace.* cobrar vida = come + alive, come to + life.* por el que se puede cobrar = chargeable.* sin certeza de cobrar = on spec.* sin cobrar = free of charge, unredeemed, uncollected.* * *cobrar [A1 ]vtA1 ‹precio/suma› to chargeme cobró $1.000 she charged me $1,000nos cobran 30.000 pesos de alquiler they charge us o we pay 30,000 pesos in rentcobrar algo POR algo to charge sth FOR sthme cobró una barbaridad por la comida/por cambiar el aceite he charged me a ridiculous amount for the meal/for changing the oilcobran 500 pesos por kilómetro they charge 500 pesos per kilometer2 ‹sueldo/pensión›cobra 2.000 euros al mes y no hace nada he earns 2,000 euros a month and does nothingtodavía no hemos cobrado la paga de junio we still haven't been paid for Junecobra el sueldo por el banco his salary is paid straight into the banktodavía no ha ido a cobrar la pensión she still hasn't been to collect o draw her pensioncobró el subsidio de desempleo durante seis meses he received unemployment benefit for six monthsB1 ‹alquiler/impuesto› to chargenos cobra un alquiler altísimo he charges us o we pay him a very high rentte cobrarán el IVA you will be charged sales tax/VATno nos cobran la electricidad they don't charge us for electricityvino a cobrar el alquiler she came for the rent o to collect the rentel departamento que se encargará de cobrar el nuevo impuesto the department which will be responsible for the collection of the new tax2 ‹bebidas/fruta›¿me cobras estas cervezas, por favor? can you take for these beers, please?, can I pay for these beers, please?se equivocó y me cobró el vino dos veces he made a mistake and charged me twice for the wineestá cobrando las entradas he's taking the money for the ticketsC1 ‹deuda› to recovervengo a cobrar esta factura I've come for payment of this billnunca llegó a cobrar esas facturas he never received payment for those billsvino a cobrar la factura de la cocina she came to collect payment for the stovelo único que hago es cobrar deudas all I do is collect debts2 ‹cheque› to cashD( Chi) (pedir): le cobré los libros que le presté I asked him to give back o return the books I'd lent him o I asked him for the books I'd lent himEF1(adquirir): cobrar importancia/fama to become important/famouslas negociaciones cobraron un nuevo impulso the negotiations were given fresh impetuscobran especial relieve los trabajos del Instituto cuando … the work done by the Institute takes on special significance when …se detuvo a cobrar fuerzas he stopped to get his strength backcobró ánimos y fue a decírselo he plucked up the courage and went and told her2(tomar): cobrarle cariño a algn to grow fond of sbcon el tiempo le fui cobrando cariño as time went by I grew fond of hercobrarle sentimientos a algn ( Chi); to be upset with sb1 (matar) to shoot, bag2 «perro» to retrieveH1 ( period); ‹vidas/víctimas› to claim2 ‹botín› to carry off3 ( Náut) to haul in■ cobrarvi1(por un servicio, unas mercancías): vino el lechero a cobrar the milkman came to be paid¿me cobra, por favor? can I have the check please?, can you take for this, please?, can I pay, please?2 (recibir el sueldo) to be paidllevamos dos meses sin cobrar we haven't been paid for two months3 ( fam)(recibir una paliza): ¡como no te estés quieto, vas a cobrar! if you don't keep still you're going to get it! ( colloq)■ cobrarseA(recibir dinero): tenga, cóbrese here you arecóbrese las cervezas de aquí can you take for these beers?, can I pay for these beers?B ‹víctimas› to claim* * *
cobrar ( conjugate cobrar) verbo transitivo
1
◊ nos cobran 30.000 pesos de alquiler they charge us 30,000 pesos in rent;
cobrar algo por algo/hacer algo to charge sth for sth/doing sth;
vino a cobrar el alquiler she came for the rent o to collect the rent;
¿me cobra estas cervezas? can I pay for these beers, please?;
me cobró el vino dos veces he charged me twice for the wine
‹ pensión› to draw;◊ cobra 2.000 euros al mes he earns/draws 2,000 euros a month;
todavía no hemos cobrado junio we still haven't been paid for June
2a) (Chi) ( pedir):
3 ( adquirir) ‹ fuerzas› to gather;◊ cobrar fama/importancia become famous/important
4 (period) ‹vidas/víctimas› to claim
verbo intransitivoa) cobrar por algo/hacer algo to charge for sth/doing sth;◊ ¿me cobra, por favor? can you take for this, please?, can I pay, please?;
llámame por cobrar (Chi, Méx) call collect (AmE), reverse the charges (BrE)
cobrarse verbo pronominala) ( recibir dinero):◊ tenga, cóbrese here you are;
cóbrese las cervezas can you take for the beers, please?
cobrar
I verbo transitivo
1 (pedir un precio) to charge
(exigir el pago) to collect
(recibir el pago de una deuda) to recover
2 (un cheque, un billete de lotería) to cash
(recibir el salario) to earn: aún no han cobrado el sueldo, they still haven't been paid their salary
cobra un buen sueldo, he earns a good salary
3 figurado (alcanzar, lograr) to gain, get: su proyecto cobra hoy importancia, today his project is becoming important
cobrar ánimos, to take heart
4 (empezar a sentir) cobrar afecto a alguien/algo, to become very fond of sb/sthg
II verbo intransitivo
1 (exigir un pago) ¿me cobra, por favor? I'd like to pay now, please
nunca me cobra, he never charges me
2 (recibir el salario) to be paid
3 fam (recibir una zurra) to catch it, get it
' cobrar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
clavar
- llevar
- tesorería
- animar
- hora
- paro
- pensión
- soplar
- tomar
- velocidad
English:
arrears
- carer
- cash
- cash in
- charge
- collect
- draw
- gather
- momentum
- overcharge
- pay
- receive
- recover
- retrieve
- sting
- undercharge
- unpaid
- check
- claim
- extra
- going
- levy
- life
- reverse
* * *♦ vt[cheque] to cash; [deuda] to collect;cantidades por cobrar amounts due;¿me cobra, por favor? how much do I owe you?;nos cobra 1.000 euros de alquiler al mes she charges us 1,000 euros rent a month, we pay her 1,000 euros rent a month;cobran 10 euros por página they charge 10 euros per page;te cobrarán un mínimo de 10 euros por arreglarte los zapatos it'll cost you at least 10 euros to get your shoes mended;me cobró 1.000 pesos de más he overcharged me by 1,000 pesos;me cobraron 200 pesos de menos they undercharged me by 200 pesos;nos cobró por adelantado we had to pay her in advance;no me cobraron impuestos they didn't charge me tax;cóbrelo todo junto put it all together, we'll pay for it all together;no nos cobró la mano de obra he didn't charge us for labour;le cobrarán en aquella ventanilla you can pay at that counter over there;el lechero vino a cobrar la factura mensual the milkman came with the monthly bill2. [un sueldo] to earn, to be paid;cobra un millón al año she earns a million a year;en junio cobraremos una prima we'll be paid a bonus in June;cobro mi pensión por el banco my pension is paid straight into the bank;está cobrando el paro he's receiving unemployment benefit;sobrevive cobrando diferentes subsidios she lives by claiming a number of different benefits;tengo que ir a cobrar la jubilación I have to go and draw my pension;no cobro nada, lo hago porque me gusta I don't get paid for it, I do it because I enjoy it3. [adquirir] to take on, to acquire;con su último disco ha cobrado fama universal with her latest record she has achieved worldwide fame o she has become a household name;cada día cobran más importancia los temas medioambientales the environment is an issue which is becoming more and more important o which is gaining in importance;cobró aliento y prosiguió la marcha he paused to get his breath back and continued walking;cobrar velocidad to gather o gain speedle cobró miedo al perro y no se atrevió a acercársele she got scared of the dog and didn't dare go near it5. [recuperar] to retrieve, to recover;las tropas cobraron el aeropuerto the troops regained control of the airport6. [en caza] [matar a tiros] to shoot;[recoger] to retrieve, to fetch;cobraron doscientas aves en un solo día they came back with two hundred birds in just one day♦ vi1. [en el trabajo] to get paid;cobrarás el día 5 de cada mes you'll be paid on the 5th of every month;llevan un año sin cobrar they haven't had any wages for a year;cobrar en efectivo to be o get paid (in) cashel niño cobró por portarse mal the child got a beating for being naughty* * *I v/t1 charge4 importancia acquireII v/i1 be paid, get paid2:* * *cobrar vt1) : to charge2) : to collect, to draw, to earn3) : to acquire, to gain4) : to recover, to retrieve5) : to cash (a check)6) : to claim, to take (a life)7) : to shoot (game), to bagcobrar vi1) : to be paid2)* * *cobrar vb1. (recibir salario) to be paid / to earn¿cuánto cobras? how much do you earn?2. (recibir dinero) to get3. (talón) to cash4. (fijar precio) to charge5. (recibir un golpe) to get a smack -
10 subject line
E-comthe field at the top of an e-mail template in which the title or subject of the e-mail can be typed. The subject line is the only part of the e-mail—apart from the name of the sender—which can be read immediately by the recipient. It is important to have a strong subject line, particularly if using e-mail for advertising or promotional purposes, or the recipient may well simply delete the e-mail. -
11 attacher
attacher [ata∫e]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verba. ( = lier) [+ animal, plante, prisonnier] to tie up ; (plusieurs choses ensemble) to tie together ; [+ papiers] to attach• est-ce bien attaché ? is it securely tied?b. ( = fermer) [+ ceinture, robe, volets] to fasten ; [+ lacets, chaussures] to tie ; [+ fermeture, bouton] to do upc. ( = attribuer) to attach• attacher de la valeur or du prix à qch to attach great value to sth2. intransitive verb[plat] to stick3. reflexive verba. to fastenb. ( = se prendre d'affection pour) s'attacher à to become attached toc. ( = s'appliquer) s'attacher à faire qch to make every effort to do sth* * *ataʃe
1.
1) ( lier) gén to tie [personne, animal, mains] (à to); to tether, to fasten [laisse, corde] (à to); ( avec une chaîne) to chain [chien] (à to); to lock [bicyclette] (à to); ( en entourant) to tie up [personne, paquet]2) ( fermer) to fasten [ceinture, collier, vêtement]3) ( accorder) to attach [importance, valeur]4) ( employer)attacher quelqu'un à son service — to take somebody into one's service, to employ somebody
5) ( associer)
2.
3.
s'attacher verbe pronominal1) ( se fixer) to fasten, to do up ( par derrière at the back)2) ( s'efforcer)3) ( se lier affectivement)s'attacher à quelqu'un/quelque chose — to become attached to somebody/something, to grow fond of somebody/something
* * *ataʃe1. vt1) [deux objets ou éléments] (avec une corde, une ficelle, un lien souple) to fastenElle a attaché ses cheveux avec un élastique. — She fastened her hair with an elastic band.
attacher qch à — to tie sth to, to fasten sth to
2) (avec une agrafe, un trombone) to fasten3) [chien] to tie up4) [étiquette] to attach, to tie on5) [souliers] to do up6) fig (= lier)7) fig (= accorder)2. vi[poêle, riz] to stick* * *attacher verb table: aimerA vtr1 ( joindre à l'aide d'un lien) to tie [personne] (à to); (avec une corde, laisse) to tie [chien] (à to); ( avec une chaîne) to chain [chien] (à to); to lock [bicyclette] (à to); to tether, to fasten [laisse, corde] (à to); attacher les mains/pieds de qn to tie sb's hands/feet; attacher ses cheveux to tie one's hair back;2 ( entourer d'un lien) to tie up [personne, paquet, colis]; attacher des lettres avec un élastique to tie up letters with an elastic band; attacher qn à un poteau to tie sb to a stake; attacher ses lacets to tie (up) one's laces; attacher ses chaussures to do up one's shoes;3 ( fermer) to fasten [ceinture, collier, vêtement]; veuillez attacher vos ceintures please fasten your seat belts; n'oublie pas d'attacher ton vélo don't forget to lock your bike;4 ( accorder) attacher de l'importance à qch to attach importance to sth; attacher du prix or de la valeur à qch to attach great value to sth; attacher une signification à un geste/un regard to read something into a gesture/an expression;5 ( employer) attacher qn à son service to take sb into one's service, to employ sb;6 ( associer) les privilèges attachés à un poste the privileges attached to a post; médecin attaché à un hôpital Admin doctor attached to a hospital; attacher son nom à une découverte/un événement to link one's name to a discovery/an event; son nom est attaché à cette découverte his/her name is linked to ou associated with this discovery.B vi [aliment, plat, récipient] to stick (à to); le sucre a attaché au fond de la casserole the sugar stuck to the bottom of the pan; cette poêle n'attache pas this is a nonstick frying-pan.C s'attacher vpr1 ( se fixer par un lien) to fasten, to do up; robe qui s'attache par derrière dress which fastens ou does up at the back;2 ( s'accrocher) le lierre s'attache aux pierres ivy clings to stones; s'attacher aux pas de qn to dog sb's footsteps;3 ( s'efforcer) s'attacher à faire to set out to do; s'attacher à analyser/prouver/démontrer qch to set out to analyseGB/to prove/to demonstrate sth;4 ( se lier affectivement) s'attacher à qn/qch to become attached to sb/sth, to grow fond of sb/sth.[ataʃe] verbe transitifattacher quelqu'un/quelque chose à to tie somebody/something toattacher un chien à une corde/à sa niche to tie a dog to a rope/to his kennelpauvre bête, il l'a attachée à une chaîne he's chained the poor thing upa. [avec un trombone] a picture was clipped to the letterb. [avec une agrafe] a picture was stapled to the letter2. [pour fermer] to tie3. [vêtement] to fasten4. [accorder] to attachj'attache beaucoup de prix ou de valeur à notre amitié I attach great value to ou set great store by our friendshiple scandale auquel son nom est/reste attaché the scandal with which his name is/remains linked6. (soutenu) [comme domestique, adjoint]————————[ataʃe] verbe intransitifpoêle/casserole qui n'attache pas nonstick pan/saucepan————————s'attacher verbe pronominal (emploi réfléchi)————————s'attacher verbe pronominal (emploi passif)s'attacher avec une fermeture Éclair®/des boutons to zip/to button up————————s'attacher verbe pronominal transitif————————s'attacher à verbe pronominal plus préposition1. [se lier avec] to become fond of ou attached to2. [s'efforcer de] to devote oneself to -
12 קדש
קָדַש(b. h.) (to be cut off, separated, v. Ges. Hebr. Dict.12> s. v.; cmp. פָּרַש, to be, become pure, sacred, holy. Y.Sabb.III, 5d bot.; ib. IV, end, 7a ק׳ עליו היום the day became holy upon him, i. e. the Sabbath commenced while he was engaged in doing something. Meil.II, 8 (10a) קָרְשוּ בכלים (Talm. ed. קדשן) after they have become sacred by being put in a sacred vessel (v. infra); Shebu.11a (Ms. F. קירשן). Bekh.4b קדשו בכורותוכ׳ the firstborn in the desert were consecrated; a. fr. Pi. קִרֵּש, קִי׳ 1) to sanctify, esp. ק׳ שם שמים, or ק׳ את השם to sanctify the name of the Lord, to manifest fidelity to religion by noble deeds, by martyrdom Sot.10b; 36b יוסף שק׳ שםוכ׳ Joseph who sanctified the name … in secret (when he resisted temptation); יהודה שק׳וכ׳ Judah who sanctified … in public (when he admitted his guilt, Gen. 38:26); a. fr. 2) to sanctify, consecrate; to purify, keep pure. Ber.17a טהר וקַדֵּש עצמך מכלוכ׳ keep thyself clean and pure (aloof) from every guilt Yoma 39a (ref. to Lev. 11:44) אדם מְקַדֵּש … מְקַדְּשִׁין אותו הרבה if a man sanctifies himself a little (trains himself to self-restraint), they (the divine agencies) will help him much to sanctify him; מלמטה מקדשין אותו מלמעלה if he (sanctifies himself) below, they will sanctify him from above; בעולם הזה מקדשיןוכ׳ he in this world, they will declare him holy in the hereafter. Yeb.20a, a. e. קדש עצמך במותר לך sanctify thyself by self-restraint from what is permitted to thee. Ḥag.3b, a. e. קִדְּשָׁהּ לשעתה, v. קְדוּשָּׁה. Sebu. 15a כל הכלים … מְקַדַּשְׁתָּן is as regards all vessels that Moses made, the ointing of them gave them their sacred character; Snh.16b מקדשן (corr. acc.). Men.95b תנור מְקַדֵּש the oven (the baking of the showbread) gives it its sacred character. Ib. 100a כלי שרת מְקַרְּשִׁין the vessels of the service consecrate (the things put into them); a. v. fr.Part. pass. מְקוּדָּש; f. מְקוּדֶּשֶׁת; pl. מְקוּדָּשִׁים Sabb.55a (ref. to Ez. 9:6) א״ת מקדשי אלא מְקוּדָּשַׁיוכ׳ and not miḳdashi (my sanctuary) but mḳuddashai (my sanctified ones), that means those who fulfilled the whole Law ; Ab. Zar.4a. Zeb.115b (ref. to Ps. 68:36 מִמִּקְדָּשֶׁיךָ) read מִמְּקוּדָּשֶׁיךָוכ׳ ‘from thy sanctified ones, when the Lord passes judgment on his holy servants ; a. fr. 3) (with, or sub., ידיו ורגליו) to wash hands and feet prior to a sacred act. Yoma III, 6. Ib. IV, 5. Ib. 22a; a. fr. 4) to prepare the water of lustration (Num. 19). Par. VI, 1 המקדש ונפל הקִדּוּש על ידו if he prepares the lustration, and some of the consecrated water falls upon his hand. Ib. 2 נוטל נמקדש he may take (of the ashes) and prepare the water with them. Ib. 3 המקדש כשוקתוכ׳ he who puts ashes into a large vessel of water; a. fr. 5) (of seasons) to proclaim the sanctity of esp., a) (ק׳ החדש) to proclaim in court that the new month had begun (v. infra). R. Hash. II, 7 אם לא … אין מקדשין אותו שכבד קִדְּשוּשוּהוּ שמים unless the new moon is seen in its due time (on the evening of the twenty-ninth day), no announcement is made, for the heavens have already proclaimed it (and the new month begins with the thirty-first day). Ib. 24a בין כך … שנים אתה מקדשוכ׳ in neither case is the ceremony of announcement required, for we read (Lev. 25:10), ‘ye shall sanctify the fiftieth year, years thou must ‘sanctify Ex. R. s. 15 אני ואתם נְקַדֵּש את החדש I and you, let us (as a court) proclaim the month (of Nisan); a. fr.Part. pass. as ab. R. Hash. II, 7 ראשב״ד אומר מק׳וכ׳ the president of the court says, ‘(the new month is) proclaimed, and all the people say after him, ‘proclaimed, proclaimed. Ib. III, 1 נחקרו … ולא הספיקו לומר מק׳וכ׳ when the witnesses were examined, and the court had no time to say mḳuddash before night set in; a. e.b) ק׳ השבת, היום to pronounce the sanctity of the Sabbath, the Holy Day, to recite the Sabbath or the festive benediction (over wine), to say Ḳiddush. Pes.105a מי שלא ק׳ בע״ש מקדשוכ׳ he who fails to bless the Sabbath on the Sabbath eve, may do so during the entire day. Ib. 106b טעם אינו מקדש if a man tasted something without Ḳiddush, he must not bless the Sabbath; Ib. 107a טעם מקדש even if he has tasted something, he must bless the Sabbath. Ib. כגין זה ראוי לקַדֵּש עליו a beverage like this is fit for Ḳiddush; a. fr. 6) ק׳ אשה ( to consecrate a woman, a) to betroth (expl. Kidd.2b לישנא דרבנן דאסר לה … בהקדש the rabbinical term, in place of the Biblical קנה,because he makes her forbidden to others like a consecrated object, v. הֶקְרֵּש). Kidd.II, 1 האיש מקדש בווכ׳ a man may betroth a woman either in person or through a deputy. Ib. 41a אסור לאדם שיְקַדֵּש … עדוכ׳ a man is forbidden to betroth a woman to himself, before he has seen her. ib. II, 4 האומר … צא וקַיֵּש … והלך וקִרְּשָׁהּוכ׳ if a man said to his deputy, go and betroth to me that certain woman in that certain place, and he went and betrothed her in a different place, she is not betrothed (the betrothal is invalid); a. v. fr.Part. pass. מְקוּדֶּשֶׁת; pl. מְקוּדָּשוֹת. Ib. הרי זו מק׳ in such a case the betrothal is binding. Ib. 7; a. fr.b) (of the father of a minor נַעֲרָה) to accept a betrothal in behalf of ones daughter. Ib. 1 האיש מקדש את בתווכ׳ a man may accept his daughters betrothal, if she is a naʿărah, either in person or through a deputy. Ib. 41a אסור לאדם שיקדש את בתו יכ׳ a man is forbidden to betroth his daughter as a child, (but must wait,) until she is grown up and says, I like this man; a. fr.7) to cause a thing to be prohibited, esp. (by ref. to Deut. 22:9) by planting seeds in a vineyard, or vines among seeds; to cause condemnation. Kil. IV, 5 הזורע … ק׳ שורה אחת if a person sows within four cubits of a vineyard, he has caused the condemnation of one row of vines. Ib. V, 5 הרי זה מקדש ארבעיםוכ׳ he has made forty-five vines forbidden. Ib. VII, 2 גפן … ואינה מְקַרֶּשֶׁת to plant seeds near a dried-up vine is forbidden, but it (the vine) does not cause the condemnation of the seeds. Ib. אלו אוסרין ולא מְקַדְּשִׁין the following plants make the planting of seeds in their neighborhood forbidden, but do not cause condemnation of the seeds, if planted, or their own condemnation. Ib. 5 אין אדם מקדש דברוכ׳ no man can cause condemnation of a thing not his own. Ib. הרי זה ק׳וכ׳ he has caused the condemnation of his neighbors seeds and must pay damages; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְקַדֵּש, Nithpa. נִתְקַדֵּש 1) to be sanctified, glorified as holy. Yeb.79a מוטב … ויִתְקַדֵּש שםוכ׳ let a letter of the Law be uprooted (disregarded), but let the name of God be sanctified in public. Tanḥ. Shmini 1 מִתְקַדֵּש אני שם במכבדי: there (at the dedication of the Tabernacle) I shall be sanctified by (the death of) those that honor me. Lev. R. s. 12; a. fr. 2) to be consecrated, dedicated; (of the New Moon) to be proclaimed. R. Hash. 21b יכול … עד שיִתְקַדְּשוּוכ׳ you may have thought, as well as the Sabbath is to be disregarded (by the witnesses travelling to the seat of the court), until they (the months) are proclaimed, it may also be disregarded (by the messengers carrying the announcement), until they are established. Ex. R. s. 15 היה הכהן … והבלי מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁת the priest received in it some sacred object, by which the vessel was consecrated; וכלי חול מִתְקַדֵּש and a profane vessel became sacred. Shebu.15a אין העזרה מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁתוכ׳ the Temple hall was not consecrated, until the priests ate therein the remnants of the meal-offering. Ib. 16a תחתונה נִתְקַדְּשָׁה בכל אלו the lower reservoir became consecrated through all these (ceremonies mentioned); a. fr. 3) (of mixed seeds) to be condemnable, condemned. Kil. VII, 7 מאימתי … מתקרשת from what time are seeds of grain (planted among vines) to be condemned? Ib. אין מִתְקַרְּשוֹת are not to be condemned; a. fr. 4) to be betrothed. Kidd.II, 1 האשה מתקדשת בהוכ׳ a woman may be betrothed in person or through her deputy, Ib. האומר הִתְקַדְּשִׁי ליוכ׳ … if a man says to a woman, be betrothed to me with this fig. Ib. 45b נִתְקַדְּשָׁה לדעת אביה וניסתוכ׳ if she (the minor) was betrothed with her fathers consent, but was married without it; a. fr. 5) to sanctify ones self. Sifra Vayikra, Ndab., ch. II, Par. 2 מי שהוא עתיד להִתְקַדֵּש he that is ready to sanctify himself (by vowing a sacrifice). Nif. נִקְדַּש 1) to be sanctified; to become consecrated. Tem.14a כאן לִיקָּדֵש כאן ליקרב in the one case it refers to being consecrated (by being put in a sacred vessel), in the other to being offered. Bekh.4b הוזהרו … ליקדש they were admonished concerning the firatborn, that they be consecrated; a. e. 2) to be betrothed. Kidd.48a if she says, עשה לי … ואֶקָּדֵשוכ׳ make for me chains, and I shall be betrothed unto thee. Hif. הִקְדִּיש 1) to cause sanctification. Zeb.115b לא מתו … להַקְדִּיש שמווכ׳ thy (Aarons) sons died only in order to give thee an opportunity to sanctify the name of the Lord. 2) to sanctify, dedicate an object as Temple property (Lev. 27:14–24). Arakh.VI, 2 המַקְדִּיש נכסיווכ׳ if a person dedicates his property to the Temple, but owes his (divorced) wife her kthubah (כְּתוּבָּה) Ib. VII, 1 אין מַקְדִּישִׁין לפני היובלוכ׳ you cannot dedicate landed property within less than two or three years before the jubilee. Ib. 3 הִקְדִּישָׁהּ וגאלה if he dedicated and then redeemed it. Ib. 5 אין אדם מַקְדִּיש דברוכ׳ nobody can dedicate a thing not belonging to him. B. Kam.VII, 2; a. v. fr. Hof. הוּקְדַּש to be dedicated, consecrated. Meil.II, 8 המנחות … משהוּקְדָּשוּ the law concerning misappropriation of sacred things applies to meal-offerings as soon as they have been dedicated. Ib. 1 משהוּקְדָּשָׁה as soon as it has been designated for a sin-offering; a. fr.Part. מוּקְדָּש; f. מוּקְדֶּשֶׁת; pl. מוּקְדָּשִׁים Ned.V, 6 (48a) אם … הרי הם מוק׳ לשמים if they are mine, be they dedicated to the Lord. Ib. כל מתנה … מקודשת אינה מתנה (read: מוקדשת) a gift which is not made so that if the recipient dedicates it to sacred use, it is dedicated, is no gift. Bekh.V, 1 כל פסולי המוק׳ all dedicated sacrifices which became unfit for the altar; a. fr. -
13 קָדַש
קָדַש(b. h.) (to be cut off, separated, v. Ges. Hebr. Dict.12> s. v.; cmp. פָּרַש, to be, become pure, sacred, holy. Y.Sabb.III, 5d bot.; ib. IV, end, 7a ק׳ עליו היום the day became holy upon him, i. e. the Sabbath commenced while he was engaged in doing something. Meil.II, 8 (10a) קָרְשוּ בכלים (Talm. ed. קדשן) after they have become sacred by being put in a sacred vessel (v. infra); Shebu.11a (Ms. F. קירשן). Bekh.4b קדשו בכורותוכ׳ the firstborn in the desert were consecrated; a. fr. Pi. קִרֵּש, קִי׳ 1) to sanctify, esp. ק׳ שם שמים, or ק׳ את השם to sanctify the name of the Lord, to manifest fidelity to religion by noble deeds, by martyrdom Sot.10b; 36b יוסף שק׳ שםוכ׳ Joseph who sanctified the name … in secret (when he resisted temptation); יהודה שק׳וכ׳ Judah who sanctified … in public (when he admitted his guilt, Gen. 38:26); a. fr. 2) to sanctify, consecrate; to purify, keep pure. Ber.17a טהר וקַדֵּש עצמך מכלוכ׳ keep thyself clean and pure (aloof) from every guilt Yoma 39a (ref. to Lev. 11:44) אדם מְקַדֵּש … מְקַדְּשִׁין אותו הרבה if a man sanctifies himself a little (trains himself to self-restraint), they (the divine agencies) will help him much to sanctify him; מלמטה מקדשין אותו מלמעלה if he (sanctifies himself) below, they will sanctify him from above; בעולם הזה מקדשיןוכ׳ he in this world, they will declare him holy in the hereafter. Yeb.20a, a. e. קדש עצמך במותר לך sanctify thyself by self-restraint from what is permitted to thee. Ḥag.3b, a. e. קִדְּשָׁהּ לשעתה, v. קְדוּשָּׁה. Sebu. 15a כל הכלים … מְקַדַּשְׁתָּן is as regards all vessels that Moses made, the ointing of them gave them their sacred character; Snh.16b מקדשן (corr. acc.). Men.95b תנור מְקַדֵּש the oven (the baking of the showbread) gives it its sacred character. Ib. 100a כלי שרת מְקַרְּשִׁין the vessels of the service consecrate (the things put into them); a. v. fr.Part. pass. מְקוּדָּש; f. מְקוּדֶּשֶׁת; pl. מְקוּדָּשִׁים Sabb.55a (ref. to Ez. 9:6) א״ת מקדשי אלא מְקוּדָּשַׁיוכ׳ and not miḳdashi (my sanctuary) but mḳuddashai (my sanctified ones), that means those who fulfilled the whole Law ; Ab. Zar.4a. Zeb.115b (ref. to Ps. 68:36 מִמִּקְדָּשֶׁיךָ) read מִמְּקוּדָּשֶׁיךָוכ׳ ‘from thy sanctified ones, when the Lord passes judgment on his holy servants ; a. fr. 3) (with, or sub., ידיו ורגליו) to wash hands and feet prior to a sacred act. Yoma III, 6. Ib. IV, 5. Ib. 22a; a. fr. 4) to prepare the water of lustration (Num. 19). Par. VI, 1 המקדש ונפל הקִדּוּש על ידו if he prepares the lustration, and some of the consecrated water falls upon his hand. Ib. 2 נוטל נמקדש he may take (of the ashes) and prepare the water with them. Ib. 3 המקדש כשוקתוכ׳ he who puts ashes into a large vessel of water; a. fr. 5) (of seasons) to proclaim the sanctity of esp., a) (ק׳ החדש) to proclaim in court that the new month had begun (v. infra). R. Hash. II, 7 אם לא … אין מקדשין אותו שכבד קִדְּשוּשוּהוּ שמים unless the new moon is seen in its due time (on the evening of the twenty-ninth day), no announcement is made, for the heavens have already proclaimed it (and the new month begins with the thirty-first day). Ib. 24a בין כך … שנים אתה מקדשוכ׳ in neither case is the ceremony of announcement required, for we read (Lev. 25:10), ‘ye shall sanctify the fiftieth year, years thou must ‘sanctify Ex. R. s. 15 אני ואתם נְקַדֵּש את החדש I and you, let us (as a court) proclaim the month (of Nisan); a. fr.Part. pass. as ab. R. Hash. II, 7 ראשב״ד אומר מק׳וכ׳ the president of the court says, ‘(the new month is) proclaimed, and all the people say after him, ‘proclaimed, proclaimed. Ib. III, 1 נחקרו … ולא הספיקו לומר מק׳וכ׳ when the witnesses were examined, and the court had no time to say mḳuddash before night set in; a. e.b) ק׳ השבת, היום to pronounce the sanctity of the Sabbath, the Holy Day, to recite the Sabbath or the festive benediction (over wine), to say Ḳiddush. Pes.105a מי שלא ק׳ בע״ש מקדשוכ׳ he who fails to bless the Sabbath on the Sabbath eve, may do so during the entire day. Ib. 106b טעם אינו מקדש if a man tasted something without Ḳiddush, he must not bless the Sabbath; Ib. 107a טעם מקדש even if he has tasted something, he must bless the Sabbath. Ib. כגין זה ראוי לקַדֵּש עליו a beverage like this is fit for Ḳiddush; a. fr. 6) ק׳ אשה ( to consecrate a woman, a) to betroth (expl. Kidd.2b לישנא דרבנן דאסר לה … בהקדש the rabbinical term, in place of the Biblical קנה,because he makes her forbidden to others like a consecrated object, v. הֶקְרֵּש). Kidd.II, 1 האיש מקדש בווכ׳ a man may betroth a woman either in person or through a deputy. Ib. 41a אסור לאדם שיְקַדֵּש … עדוכ׳ a man is forbidden to betroth a woman to himself, before he has seen her. ib. II, 4 האומר … צא וקַיֵּש … והלך וקִרְּשָׁהּוכ׳ if a man said to his deputy, go and betroth to me that certain woman in that certain place, and he went and betrothed her in a different place, she is not betrothed (the betrothal is invalid); a. v. fr.Part. pass. מְקוּדֶּשֶׁת; pl. מְקוּדָּשוֹת. Ib. הרי זו מק׳ in such a case the betrothal is binding. Ib. 7; a. fr.b) (of the father of a minor נַעֲרָה) to accept a betrothal in behalf of ones daughter. Ib. 1 האיש מקדש את בתווכ׳ a man may accept his daughters betrothal, if she is a naʿărah, either in person or through a deputy. Ib. 41a אסור לאדם שיקדש את בתו יכ׳ a man is forbidden to betroth his daughter as a child, (but must wait,) until she is grown up and says, I like this man; a. fr.7) to cause a thing to be prohibited, esp. (by ref. to Deut. 22:9) by planting seeds in a vineyard, or vines among seeds; to cause condemnation. Kil. IV, 5 הזורע … ק׳ שורה אחת if a person sows within four cubits of a vineyard, he has caused the condemnation of one row of vines. Ib. V, 5 הרי זה מקדש ארבעיםוכ׳ he has made forty-five vines forbidden. Ib. VII, 2 גפן … ואינה מְקַרֶּשֶׁת to plant seeds near a dried-up vine is forbidden, but it (the vine) does not cause the condemnation of the seeds. Ib. אלו אוסרין ולא מְקַדְּשִׁין the following plants make the planting of seeds in their neighborhood forbidden, but do not cause condemnation of the seeds, if planted, or their own condemnation. Ib. 5 אין אדם מקדש דברוכ׳ no man can cause condemnation of a thing not his own. Ib. הרי זה ק׳וכ׳ he has caused the condemnation of his neighbors seeds and must pay damages; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְקַדֵּש, Nithpa. נִתְקַדֵּש 1) to be sanctified, glorified as holy. Yeb.79a מוטב … ויִתְקַדֵּש שםוכ׳ let a letter of the Law be uprooted (disregarded), but let the name of God be sanctified in public. Tanḥ. Shmini 1 מִתְקַדֵּש אני שם במכבדי: there (at the dedication of the Tabernacle) I shall be sanctified by (the death of) those that honor me. Lev. R. s. 12; a. fr. 2) to be consecrated, dedicated; (of the New Moon) to be proclaimed. R. Hash. 21b יכול … עד שיִתְקַדְּשוּוכ׳ you may have thought, as well as the Sabbath is to be disregarded (by the witnesses travelling to the seat of the court), until they (the months) are proclaimed, it may also be disregarded (by the messengers carrying the announcement), until they are established. Ex. R. s. 15 היה הכהן … והבלי מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁת the priest received in it some sacred object, by which the vessel was consecrated; וכלי חול מִתְקַדֵּש and a profane vessel became sacred. Shebu.15a אין העזרה מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁתוכ׳ the Temple hall was not consecrated, until the priests ate therein the remnants of the meal-offering. Ib. 16a תחתונה נִתְקַדְּשָׁה בכל אלו the lower reservoir became consecrated through all these (ceremonies mentioned); a. fr. 3) (of mixed seeds) to be condemnable, condemned. Kil. VII, 7 מאימתי … מתקרשת from what time are seeds of grain (planted among vines) to be condemned? Ib. אין מִתְקַרְּשוֹת are not to be condemned; a. fr. 4) to be betrothed. Kidd.II, 1 האשה מתקדשת בהוכ׳ a woman may be betrothed in person or through her deputy, Ib. האומר הִתְקַדְּשִׁי ליוכ׳ … if a man says to a woman, be betrothed to me with this fig. Ib. 45b נִתְקַדְּשָׁה לדעת אביה וניסתוכ׳ if she (the minor) was betrothed with her fathers consent, but was married without it; a. fr. 5) to sanctify ones self. Sifra Vayikra, Ndab., ch. II, Par. 2 מי שהוא עתיד להִתְקַדֵּש he that is ready to sanctify himself (by vowing a sacrifice). Nif. נִקְדַּש 1) to be sanctified; to become consecrated. Tem.14a כאן לִיקָּדֵש כאן ליקרב in the one case it refers to being consecrated (by being put in a sacred vessel), in the other to being offered. Bekh.4b הוזהרו … ליקדש they were admonished concerning the firatborn, that they be consecrated; a. e. 2) to be betrothed. Kidd.48a if she says, עשה לי … ואֶקָּדֵשוכ׳ make for me chains, and I shall be betrothed unto thee. Hif. הִקְדִּיש 1) to cause sanctification. Zeb.115b לא מתו … להַקְדִּיש שמווכ׳ thy (Aarons) sons died only in order to give thee an opportunity to sanctify the name of the Lord. 2) to sanctify, dedicate an object as Temple property (Lev. 27:14–24). Arakh.VI, 2 המַקְדִּיש נכסיווכ׳ if a person dedicates his property to the Temple, but owes his (divorced) wife her kthubah (כְּתוּבָּה) Ib. VII, 1 אין מַקְדִּישִׁין לפני היובלוכ׳ you cannot dedicate landed property within less than two or three years before the jubilee. Ib. 3 הִקְדִּישָׁהּ וגאלה if he dedicated and then redeemed it. Ib. 5 אין אדם מַקְדִּיש דברוכ׳ nobody can dedicate a thing not belonging to him. B. Kam.VII, 2; a. v. fr. Hof. הוּקְדַּש to be dedicated, consecrated. Meil.II, 8 המנחות … משהוּקְדָּשוּ the law concerning misappropriation of sacred things applies to meal-offerings as soon as they have been dedicated. Ib. 1 משהוּקְדָּשָׁה as soon as it has been designated for a sin-offering; a. fr.Part. מוּקְדָּש; f. מוּקְדֶּשֶׁת; pl. מוּקְדָּשִׁים Ned.V, 6 (48a) אם … הרי הם מוק׳ לשמים if they are mine, be they dedicated to the Lord. Ib. כל מתנה … מקודשת אינה מתנה (read: מוקדשת) a gift which is not made so that if the recipient dedicates it to sacred use, it is dedicated, is no gift. Bekh.V, 1 כל פסולי המוק׳ all dedicated sacrifices which became unfit for the altar; a. fr. -
14 de
de [də]━━━━━━━━━1. preposition2. article━━━━━━━━━1. <━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Lorsque de fait partie d'une locution du type décider de, content de, de plus en plus, reportez-vous à l'autre mot.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━a. (provenance) from• les voisins du 2e étage the neighbours on the 2nd floorc. (destination) tod. (appartenance) of━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Lorsque de sert à exprimer l'appartenance, il se traduit par of ; on préférera toutefois souvent le génitif lorsque le possesseur est une personne ou un animal.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Après un pluriel se terminant par un s, l'apostrophe s'utilise sans s.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► On ajoute cependant le 's après un nom commun se terminant par ss.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Dans le cas où le possesseur est une chose, l'anglais supprime parfois le 's.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• les romanciers du 20e siècle 20th-century novelistsf. (matière)━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► En anglais, un nom en apposition sert souvent à décrire la matière dont quelque chose est fait.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• c'est de qui ? who is it by?i. ( = avec)━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Lorsque de signifie avec, au moyen de, à l'aide de, ou exprime la manière ou la cause, la traduction dépend du contexte ; reportez-vous à l'autre mot.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━j. ( = par) il gagne 30 € de l'heure he earns 30 euros an hourk. ( = durant) de jour during the day• il est d'une bêtise ! he's so stupid!• tu as de ces idées ! you have the strangest ideas!• une pièce de 6 m2 a room 6 metres square• un chèque de 100 € a cheque for 100 euros► de... à from... to• de chez moi à la gare, il y a 5 km it's 5km from my house to the station2. <━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► L'article de n'est souvent pas traduit mais il peut parfois être rendu par some.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• au déjeuner, nous avons eu du poulet we had chicken for lunch• c'est du vol ! that's robbery!b. (interrogation, hypothèse)━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• accepteriez-vous de l'argent liquide ? would you take cash?• as-tu de l'argent ? have you got any money?• as-tu rencontré des randonneurs ? did you meet any hikers?• si tu achètes du vin, j'en prendrai aussi if you buy some wine, I'll buy some too━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Dans les offres polies, on utilise plus souvent some.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• voulez-vous des œufs ? would you like some eggs?• vous ne voulez vraiment pas de vin ? are you sure you don't want some wine?c. ► pas... de... not any... no...* * *(d' before vowel or mute h) də, d préposition1) ( indiquant l'origine) fromà 20 mètres de là — 20 metres [BrE] from there
un vin de Grèce — ( rapporté de là-bas) a wine from Greece; ( fait là-bas) a Greek wine
2) ( indiquant la progression)de...à, de...en — from...to
3) ( indiquant la destination) to4) ( indiquant la cause)5) ( indiquant la manière) in6) ( indiquant le moyen) with7) ( indiquant l'agent) by8) ( indiquant la durée)travailler de nuit/de jour — to work at night/during the day
9) (indiquant l'appartenance, la dépendance)le vin du tonneau — ( qui s'y trouve) the wine in the barrel; ( qu'on a tiré) the wine from the barrel
11) ( détermination par le contenu) of12) ( détermination par la quantité) ofune minute de silence — one minute of silence, a minute's silence
13) ( détermination par le lieu) of14) ( détermination par le temps) of15) (détermination par la dimension, la mesure)être long de 20 mètres — to be 20 metres [BrE] long
16) (détermination par la nature, fonction, matière)17) ( apposition) ofl'ourlet a deux centimètres de trop — the hem is two centimetres [BrE] too long
quelque chose/rien de nouveau — something/nothing new
c'est quelqu'un de célèbre — he's/she's famous
c'est ça de fait — (colloq) that's that out of the way
19) ( avec un infinitif)20) ( après un déverbal)21) ( après un superlatif) gén of; ( avec un lieu ou ensemble assimilé) in22) (colloq) (en corrélation avec le pronom un, une)pour une gaffe, c'en est une, de gaffe! — as blunders go, that was a real one!
23) ( dans une comparaison chiffrée) thanplus/moins de 10 — more/less than 10
••
Certains emplois de la préposition de sont traités ailleurs dans le dictionnaire, notammentlorsque de introduit le complément de verbes transitifs indirects comme douter de, jouer de, de verbes à double complément comme recevoir quelque chose de quelqu'un, de certains noms comme désir de, obligation de, de certains adjectifs comme fier de, plein delorsque de fait partie de locutions comme d'abord, de travers ou de composés comme chemin de fer, pomme de terreD'autres renvois essentiels apparaissent dans l'entrée ci-dessous, mais on se reportera également aux notes d'usage répertoriées pour certaines constructionsde article indéfini pluriel est traité avec un IL'article partitif: de, de l', de la, duLorsqu'il exprime une généralité non quantifiée ou une alternative, de, article partitif ne se traduit pas: manger de la viande/du lapin/des oeufs = to eat meat/rabbit/eggs; il ne boit jamais de vin = he never drinks wine; tu prends du café au petit déjeuner? = do you have coffee for breakfast?; voulez-vous de la bière ou du vin? = would you like beer or wine?; il ne veut pas de vin mais de la bière = he doesn't want wine, he wants beerLorsque l'idée de quantité est présente il se traduit par some ou any: achète de la bière/des bananes = buy some beer/some bananas; voulez-vous de la bière? = would you like some beer?; évidemment, tu leur as donné de l'argent? = of course, you gave them some money?; y a-t-il du soleil? = is there any sun?; il n'y a pas de soleil = there isn't any sun, there's no sun; il y a rarement du soleil = there's seldom any sun; il n'y a jamais de soleil = there's never any sun; il n'y a plus de vin = there isn't any more wineEt lorsque qu'il s'agit d'une partie déterminée d'un tout, il se traduit par some of ou any of: elle a mangé des gâteaux que j'ai achetés = she has eaten some of the cakes I bought; a-t-elle bu du vin que j'ai apporté? = did she drink any of the wine I brought?; je ne prendrai plus de ce mélange = I won't take any more of this mixture* * *de1. nm1) (à jouer) dice2) (dé à coudre) thimble2. dés nmpl1) (= jeu) dice, game of dice2) CUISINE* * *1 ( indiquant l'origine) from; leur départ/le train de Bruxelles their departure/the train from Brussels; il arrive du Japon he's just come from Japan; de la fenêtre, on peut voir… from the window, one can see…; à 20 mètres de là 20 metresGB from there; de ce moment fml from that moment; un enfant de mon premier mari/mariage a child by my first husband/from my first marriage; elle est de Taiwan she's from Taiwan; un vin de Grèce ( rapporté de là-bas) a wine from Greece; ( fait là-bas) a Greek wine; né de parents immigrés born of immigrant parents; il est de père italien et de mère chinoise his father is Italian and his mother Chinese; le bébé est de février the baby was born in February; de méfiant il est devenu paranoïaque he went from being suspicious to being paranoid; d'ici là between now and then; d'ici la fin du mois by the end of the month; ⇒ par;2 ( indiquant la progression) de…à, de…en from…to; de 8 à 10 heures from 8 to 10 (o'clock); de mardi à samedi, du mardi au samedi from Tuesday to Saturday; du matin au soir from morning till night; d'une semaine à l'autre from one week to the next; de Lisbonne à Berlin from Lisbon to Berlin; de l'équateur aux pôles from the equator to the poles; de ville en ville from town to town; d'heure en heure from hour to hour; de déception en désillusion from disappointment to disillusion; ⇒ Charybde, long, moins, moment, place, plus;3 ( indiquant la destination) to; le train de Paris the train to Paris, the Paris train;4 ( indiquant la cause) mourir de soif/de chagrin/d'une pneumonie to die of thirst/of a broken heart/of pneumonia; phobie de l'eau/la foule fear of water/crowds; des larmes de désespoir tears of despair; un hurlement de terreur a scream of terror; pleurer de rage to cry with rage; hurler de terreur to scream with terror; trembler de froid to shiver with cold; ⇒ joie;5 ( indiquant la manière) in; parler d'un ton monocorde to speak in a monotone; s'exprimer de manière élégante to express oneself in an elegant way; plaisanterie d'un goût douteux joke in dubious taste; tirer de toutes ses forces to pull with all one's might; il a répondu d'un geste obscène he answered with an obscene gesture; ⇒ beau, cœur, concert, mémoire, tac, trait;6 ( indiquant le moyen) with; pousser qch du pied to push sth aside with one's foot; soulever qch d'une main to lift sth with one hand; gravure/graver de la pointe d'un couteau engraving/to engrave with the point of a knife; suspendu des deux mains hanging by two hands; déjeuner/vivre de saucisses et de haricots to lunch/to live on sausages and beans; il a fait de sa chambre un bureau he made his bedroom into a study; ⇒ coup, coude;7 ( indiquant l'agent) by; un poème/dessin de Victor Hugo a poem/drawing by Victor Hugo; avoir un enfant de qn to have a child by sb; respecté de tous respected by all;8 ( indiquant la durée) travailler de nuit/de jour to work at night/during the day; ne rien faire de la journée/semaine to do nothing all day/week; de ma vie je n'avais vu ça I had never seen such a thing in my life; ⇒ temps;9 (indiquant l'appartenance, la dépendance) les chapeaux de Paul/de mon frère/de mes parents Paul's/my brother's/my parents' hats; les oreilles de l'ours/de mon chat the bear's/my cat's ears; la politique de leur gouvernement/de la France their government's/France's policy, the policy of their government/of France; un élève du professeur Talbin one of professor Talbin's students; l'immensité de l'espace/la mer the immensity of space/the sea; le toit de la maison the roof of the house; la porte de la chambre the bedroom door; les rideaux de la chambre sont sales the bedroom curtains are dirty; j'ai lavé les rideaux de la chambre I washed the bedroom curtains; le cadran du téléphone the dial on the telephone; c'est bien de lui it's just like him;10 ( détermination par le contenant) le foin de la grange the hay in the barn; le vin du tonneau ( qui s'y trouve) the wine in the barrel; ( qu'on a tiré) the wine from the barrel;11 ( détermination par le contenu) of; une tasse de café a cup of coffee; un sac de charbon a sack of coal;12 ( détermination par la quantité) of; cinq pages de roman five pages of a novel; deux mètres de tissu two metresGB of material; trois litres de vin three litresGB of wine; une minute de silence one minute of silence, a minute's silence; quatre heures de musique four hours of music; deux milliardièmes de seconde two billionths of a second; le quart de mes économies a quarter of my savings; la totalité or l'ensemble de leurs œuvres the whole of their works; les sept maisons du hameau the seven houses of the hamlet;13 ( détermination par le lieu) of; les pyramides d'Égypte the pyramids of Egypt; le roi de Brunéi the King of Brunei; le premier ministre du Japon the prime minister of Japan, the Japanese prime minister; le comte de Monte-Cristo the Count of Monte-Cristo;14 ( détermination par le temps) of; les ordinateurs de demain the computers of tomorrow; le 20 du mois the 20th of the month; la réunion de samedi Saturday's meeting; la réunion du 20 juin the meeting on 20 June; le train de 15 heures the 3 o'clock train; les ventes de juin the June sales;15 (détermination par la dimension, la mesure) un livre de 200 pages a 200-page book; un spectacle de deux heures a two-hour show; une grue de 50 tonnes a 50-tonne crane; être long de 20 mètres, avoir 20 mètres de long to be 20 metresGB long; 20 euros de l'heure 20 euros an hour; enceinte de trois mois three months' pregnant; on aura deux heures d'attente we'll have a two-hour wait; on aura deux heures de retard we'll be two hours late; trop lourd de trois kilos three kilos too heavy; plus/moins de trois more/less than three; elle est la plus âgée/jeune de deux ans she's the oldest/youngest by two years;16 (détermination par la nature, fonction, matière) un billet de train a train ticket; une statue de cristal a crystal statue; un livre de géographie a geography book; un professeur de botanique a botany teacher; un chapeau de cow-boy a cowboy hat; une salle de réunion a meeting room; une robe de coton rouge a red cotton dress; une bulle d'air/de savon an air/a soap bubble; un joueur de tennis a tennis player; un produit de qualité a quality product; un travail de qualité quality work; un spécialiste de l'électronique an electronics expert, an expert in electronics; un homme de bon sens a man of common sense; la théorie de la relativité the theory of relativity; ⇒ bois, laine;17 ( apposition) of; le mois de juillet the month of July; la ville de Singapour the city of Singapore; le titre de duc the title of duke; le nom de Flore the name Flore; le terme de quark the term quark;18 ( avec attribut du nom ou du pronom) trois personnes de tuées three people killed; une jambe de cassée a broken leg; un seul ticket de valable only one valid ticket; deux heures de libres two hours free; 200 euros de plus 200 euros more; l'ourlet a deux centimètres de trop the hem is two centimetresGB too long; ton imbécile de frère your stupid brother; quelque chose/rien de nouveau something/nothing new; je n'ai jamais rien vu de semblable I've never seen anything like it; c'est quelqu'un de célèbre he's/she's famous; c'est ça de fait○ that's that out of the way, that's that taken care of;19 ( avec un infinitif) de la voir ainsi me peinait seeing her like that upset me; ça me peinait de la voir ainsi it upset me to see her like that; et eux/toute la salle de rire and they/the whole audience laughed; être content de faire to be happy to do;20 ( après un déverbal) le filtrage de l'eau pose de gros problèmes filtering water poses big problems; le remplacement de la chaudière a coûté très cher replacing the boiler was very expensive;21 ( après un superlatif) gén of; ( avec un lieu ou ensemble assimilé) in; le plus jeune des trois frères the youngest of the three brothers; le roi des rois the king of kings; le plus grand restaurant de la ville the biggest restaurant in the town; le plus vieux de la classe/famille the oldest in the class/family;22 ○(en corrélation avec le pronom un, une) pour une gaffe, c'en est une, de gaffe! as blunders go, that was a real one!; est-ce que j'en ai une, moi, de voiture? and me, have I got a car?;23 ( dans une comparaison chiffrée) than; plus/moins de 10 more/less than 10.[də] (devant voyelle ou 'h' muet d' [d], contraction de 'de' avec 'le' du [dy], contraction de 'de' avec 'les' des [de]) prépositionA.[INDIQUANT L'ORIGINE, LE POINT DE DÉPART]1. [indiquant la provenance] fromil a sorti un lapin de son chapeau he produced ou pulled a rabbit out of his hat2. [à partir de]de quelques fleurs des champs, elle a fait un bouquet she made a posy out of ou from a few wild flowers3. [indiquant l'auteur] by4. [particule]B.[DANS LE TEMPS]1. [à partir de] from2. [indiquant le moment]de jour during the ou by dayle train de 9 h 30 the 9.30 train[depuis]de longtemps, on n'avait vu cela such a thing hadn't been seen for a long timeC.[INDIQUANT LA CAUSE]mourir de peur/de faim to die of fright/of hungerse tordre de douleur/de rire to be doubled up in pain/with laughterD.[INDIQUANT LE MOYEN, L'INSTRUMENT]E.[INDIQUANT LA MANIÈRE]F.[AVEC DES NOMBRES, DES MESURES]1. [emploi distributif]50 euros de l'heure 50 euros per ou an hour2. [introduisant une mesure]un moteur de 15 chevaux a 15 h.p. engine3. [indiquant une différence dans le temps, l'espace, la quantité]G.[INDIQUANT L'APPARTENANCE]la maison de mes parents/Marie my parents'/Marie's houseles pays de l'UE the countries in the EU, the EU countriespour les membres du club for members of the club ou club membersH.[MARQUANT LA DÉTERMINATION]1. [indiquant la matière, la qualité, le genre etc.]elle est d'un snob! she is so snobbish!, she's such a snob!2. [indiquant le contenu, le contenant]a. [récipient] a flowerpotb. [fleurs] a pot of flowers3. [dans un ensemble]4. [avec une valeur emphatique]I.[SERVANT DE LIEN SYNTAXIQUE]1. [après un verbe]parler de quelque chose to speak about ou of something2. [après un substantif]3. [après un adjectif]4. [après un pronom]5. [devant un adjectif, participe ou adverbe]restez une semaine de plus stay (for) one more ou an extra week6. [introduisant un nom en apposition]7. [indiquant le sujet d'un ouvrage]‘De l'art d'être mère’ ‘The Art of Being a Mother’8. (littéraire) [introduisant un infinitif]————————[də] (devant voyelle ou 'h' muet d' [d], contraction de 'de' avec 'le' du [dy], contraction de 'de' avec 'les' des [de]) article partitif1. [dans une affirmation]c'est de la provocation/de l'entêtement! it's sheer provocation/pig-headedness!chanter du Fauré to sing some Fauré ou a piece by Fauré[dans une interrogation][dans une négation]il n'y a pas de place there's no room, there isn't any room2. [exprimant une comparaison]ça c'est du Julien tout craché ou du pur Julien that's Julien all over, that's typical of Julien————————[də] (devant voyelle ou 'h' muet d' [d], contraction de 'de' avec 'le' du [dy], contraction de 'de' avec 'les' des [de]) article défini[dans une affirmation]il a de bonnes idées he has ou he's got (some) good ideas[dans une négation]————————de... à locution correlative1. [dans l'espace] from... to2. [dans le temps] from... toa. [progressivement] from one minute to the nextb. [bientôt] any minute ou time now3. [dans une énumération] from... to4. [dans une évaluation]————————de... en locution correlative1. [dans l'espace] from... to2. [dans le temps]le nombre d'étudiants augmente d'année en année the number of students is getting bigger by the year ou every year ou from one year to the next3. [dans une évolution]de déduction en déduction, il avait trouvé le coupable he'd deduced who the culprit was -
15 Ἰουλία
Ἰουλία, ας, ἡ Julia, a common name① recipient of a greeting Ro 16:15 (Ἀουλία P46). The name is found even among slave women in the imperial household. GMilligan, The NT Documents 1913, 183.② The name Ἰ. is read also as v.l. in vs. 7 (for Ιουνιαν; s. Ἰουνιᾶς and Ἰουνία).—M-M. -
16 FOR
fo:
1. preposition1) (to be given or sent to: This letter is for you.) para2) (towards; in the direction of: We set off for London.) para, hacia, en dirección a3) (through a certain time or distance: for three hours; for three miles.) durante4) (in order to have, get, be etc: He asked me for some money; Go for a walk.) (pedir dinero); (salir) a (pasear)5) (in return; as payment: He paid $2 for his ticket.) por6) (in order to be prepared: He's getting ready for the journey.) para7) (representing: He is the member of parliament for Hull.) por8) (on behalf of: Will you do it for me?) por9) (in favour of: Are you for or against the plan?) por, a favor de10) (because of: for this reason.) por, a causa de11) (having a particular purpose: She gave me money for the bus fare.) para12) (indicating an ability or an attitude to: a talent for baking; an ear for music.) para13) (as being: They mistook him for someone else.) por, para14) (considering what is used in the case of: It is quite warm for January (= considering that it is January when it is usually cold).) para15) (in spite of: For all his money, he didn't seem happy.) a pesar de
2. conjunction(because: It must be late, for I have been here a long time.) ya que, puesto quefor prep1. parais this the train for London? ¿es éste el tren que va a Londres?2. porI bought it for £12 lo compré por 12 libraswhat can I do for you? ¿qué puedo hacer por ti?3. desde hace4. durante5. de"T" for Tony "T" de Tonywhat's the word for "cheese" in Spanish? ¿cómo se dice "cheese" en español?6. a favor deare you for the plan, or against it? ¿estás a favor del plan, o en contra?tr[fɔːSMALLr/SMALL]1 (intended) para■ there's a phone call for Mr. Smith hay una llamada para el Sr. Smith2 (purpose) para■ what's this for? ¿para qué sirve esto?■ shall we meet for lunch? ¿quedamos para comer?3 (destination) para■ where do I catch the train for Newcastle? ¿dónde se coge el tren para Newcastle?4 (in order to help, on behalf of) por5 (because of, on account of) por, a causa de■ a meeting has been called for 10.00 se ha convocado una reunión para las 10.00■ I've lived here for 5 years hace 5 años que vivo aquí, vivo aquí desde hace 5 años■ it's the first accident here for a long time es el primer accidente que ocurre aquí desde hace mucho tiempo8 (in exchange, as replacement of) por■ I got it for £500 lo conseguí por 500 libras■ the record went for $50 el disco se vendió por 50 dólares9 (in favour of, in support of) por, a favor de■ who did you vote for? ¿a quién votaste?■ are you for or against the new laws? ¿estás a favor o en contra de las nuevas leyes?10 (despite) a pesar de, para; (considering, contrast) para■ I still love him, for all his faults lo quiero, a pesar de todos sus defectos11 (as) de, como, por■ what do they use for fuel? ¿qué utilizan de combustible?12 (in order to obtain) para■ for further details... para más información....13 (representing) por; (meaning) de■ I can't go to the meeting - will you go for me? no puedo asistir a la reunión - ¿quieres ir en mi lugar?■ what's the Spanish for "pool"? ¿cómo se dice "pool" en castellano?14 (as regards, concerning) por, en cuanto a■ for my part, he can do as he likes por mí, que haga lo que quiera■ as for him, who cares? en cuanto a él, ¿a quién le importa?■ luckily for us, it didn't rain afortunadamente para nosotros, no llovió15 (as part of, as being) por, para■ do you know that for a fact? ¿lo sabes a ciencia cierta?■ what do you want for dinner? ¿qué quieres para comer?1 para16 formal use literal ya que, puesto que\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLas for me por mi parte, en cuanto a mífor all I know que yo sepafor all that a pesar de todo, con todofor good para siemprefor the first time por primera vezfor the last time por última vezoh for...! ¡ojalá tuviera...!■ oh for a star to guide my way! ¡ojalá tuviera una estrella que me guiara los pasos!there's nothing for it but... no hay más remedio que...to be for it cargárselafor ['fɔr] conj: puesto que, porquefor prepclothes for children: ropa para niñosit's time for dinner: es la hora de comer2) because of: porfor fear of: por miedo dea gift for you: un regalo para tihe fought for his country: luchó por su patriaa cure for cancer: una cura para el cáncerfor your own good: por tu propio bienI bought it for $5: lo compré por $5a lot of trouble for nothing: mucha molestia para nada7) as for: para, con respecto ahe's going for two years: se va por dos añosI spoke for ten minutes: hablé (durante) diez minutosshe has known it for three months: lo sabe desde hace tres mesesconj.• para conj.• pues conj.• ya que conj.n.• por s.m.prep.• a causa de prep.• como prep.• de prep.• durante prep.• en honor de prep.• en lugar de prep.• para prep.• por prep.
I fɔːr, fɔː(r), weak form fər, fə(r)1) preposition2)a) ( intended for) parais there a letter for me? — ¿hay carta para mí?
clothes for men/women — ropa de hombre/mujer
is it for sale? — ¿está en venta?, ¿se vende?
b) ( on behalf of) porhe plays for England — forma parte de or juega en la selección inglesa
c) ( in favor of) a favor de3) ( indicating purpose)what's that for? — ¿para qué es eso?, ¿eso para qué sirve?
it's for trimming hedges — es or sirve para recortar setos
to go out for a meal — salir* a comer fuera
to be for it — (colloq)
here comes Dad, we're for it now! — ahí viene papá ahora sí que estamos listos or (Col tb) hechos or (CS tb) fritos! (fam)
4)a) (as)we're having chicken for dinner — vamos a cenar pollo or hay pollo para cenar
what's for dessert? — ¿qué hay de postre?
b) ( representing)what's (the) German for ``ice cream''? — ¿cómo se dice ``helado'' en alemán?
c) ( instead of) porcould you call him for me? — ¿podrías llamarlo tú?, ¿me harías el favor de llamarlo?
5) ( giving reason) porif it weren't for Joe... — si no fuera por Joe...
for one thing it's too costly and for another we don't need it — para empezar es muy caro y además no lo necesitamos
6)a) ( in exchange for) porI bought the book for $10 — compré el libro por 10 dólares
b) ( indicating proportion) porfor every one we find, there are 20 that get away — por cada uno que encontramos, se nos escapan 20
7)a) ( as concerns) para8)a) ( in spite of)for all her faults, she's been very kind to us — tendrá sus defectos, pero con nosotros ha sido muy buena
is there time for us to have a cup of coffee? — ¿tenemos tiempo de tomar un café?
9) ( in exclamations)oh, for some peace and quiet — qué (no) daría yo por un poco de paz y tranquilidad!
10) ( in the direction of) parathe plane/bus for New York — el avión/autobús para or de Nueva York
11)a) ( indicating duration)I've only been here for a day — sólo llevo un día aquí, hace sólo un día que estoy aquí
how long are you going for? — ¿por cuánto tiempo vas?, ¿cuánto tiempo te vas a quedar?
b) ( on the occasion of) parac) (by, before) para12) ( indicating distance)
II
conjunction (liter) pues (liter), puesto que (frml), porqueABBR= free on rail franco en ferrocarril* * *
I [fɔːr, fɔː(r)], weak form [fər, fə(r)]1) preposition2)a) ( intended for) parais there a letter for me? — ¿hay carta para mí?
clothes for men/women — ropa de hombre/mujer
is it for sale? — ¿está en venta?, ¿se vende?
b) ( on behalf of) porhe plays for England — forma parte de or juega en la selección inglesa
c) ( in favor of) a favor de3) ( indicating purpose)what's that for? — ¿para qué es eso?, ¿eso para qué sirve?
it's for trimming hedges — es or sirve para recortar setos
to go out for a meal — salir* a comer fuera
to be for it — (colloq)
here comes Dad, we're for it now! — ahí viene papá ahora sí que estamos listos or (Col tb) hechos or (CS tb) fritos! (fam)
4)a) (as)we're having chicken for dinner — vamos a cenar pollo or hay pollo para cenar
what's for dessert? — ¿qué hay de postre?
b) ( representing)what's (the) German for ``ice cream''? — ¿cómo se dice ``helado'' en alemán?
c) ( instead of) porcould you call him for me? — ¿podrías llamarlo tú?, ¿me harías el favor de llamarlo?
5) ( giving reason) porif it weren't for Joe... — si no fuera por Joe...
for one thing it's too costly and for another we don't need it — para empezar es muy caro y además no lo necesitamos
6)a) ( in exchange for) porI bought the book for $10 — compré el libro por 10 dólares
b) ( indicating proportion) porfor every one we find, there are 20 that get away — por cada uno que encontramos, se nos escapan 20
7)a) ( as concerns) para8)a) ( in spite of)for all her faults, she's been very kind to us — tendrá sus defectos, pero con nosotros ha sido muy buena
is there time for us to have a cup of coffee? — ¿tenemos tiempo de tomar un café?
9) ( in exclamations)oh, for some peace and quiet — qué (no) daría yo por un poco de paz y tranquilidad!
10) ( in the direction of) parathe plane/bus for New York — el avión/autobús para or de Nueva York
11)a) ( indicating duration)I've only been here for a day — sólo llevo un día aquí, hace sólo un día que estoy aquí
how long are you going for? — ¿por cuánto tiempo vas?, ¿cuánto tiempo te vas a quedar?
b) ( on the occasion of) parac) (by, before) para12) ( indicating distance)
II
conjunction (liter) pues (liter), puesto que (frml), porque -
17 for
fo:
1. preposition1) (to be given or sent to: This letter is for you.) para2) (towards; in the direction of: We set off for London.) para, hacia, en dirección a3) (through a certain time or distance: for three hours; for three miles.) durante4) (in order to have, get, be etc: He asked me for some money; Go for a walk.) (pedir dinero); (salir) a (pasear)5) (in return; as payment: He paid $2 for his ticket.) por6) (in order to be prepared: He's getting ready for the journey.) para7) (representing: He is the member of parliament for Hull.) por8) (on behalf of: Will you do it for me?) por9) (in favour of: Are you for or against the plan?) por, a favor de10) (because of: for this reason.) por, a causa de11) (having a particular purpose: She gave me money for the bus fare.) para12) (indicating an ability or an attitude to: a talent for baking; an ear for music.) para13) (as being: They mistook him for someone else.) por, para14) (considering what is used in the case of: It is quite warm for January (= considering that it is January when it is usually cold).) para15) (in spite of: For all his money, he didn't seem happy.) a pesar de
2. conjunction(because: It must be late, for I have been here a long time.) ya que, puesto quefor prep1. parais this the train for London? ¿es éste el tren que va a Londres?2. porI bought it for £12 lo compré por 12 libraswhat can I do for you? ¿qué puedo hacer por ti?3. desde hace4. durante5. de"T" for Tony "T" de Tonywhat's the word for "cheese" in Spanish? ¿cómo se dice "cheese" en español?6. a favor deare you for the plan, or against it? ¿estás a favor del plan, o en contra?tr[fɔːSMALLr/SMALL]1 (intended) para■ there's a phone call for Mr. Smith hay una llamada para el Sr. Smith2 (purpose) para■ what's this for? ¿para qué sirve esto?■ shall we meet for lunch? ¿quedamos para comer?3 (destination) para■ where do I catch the train for Newcastle? ¿dónde se coge el tren para Newcastle?4 (in order to help, on behalf of) por5 (because of, on account of) por, a causa de■ a meeting has been called for 10.00 se ha convocado una reunión para las 10.00■ I've lived here for 5 years hace 5 años que vivo aquí, vivo aquí desde hace 5 años■ it's the first accident here for a long time es el primer accidente que ocurre aquí desde hace mucho tiempo8 (in exchange, as replacement of) por■ I got it for £500 lo conseguí por 500 libras■ the record went for $50 el disco se vendió por 50 dólares9 (in favour of, in support of) por, a favor de■ who did you vote for? ¿a quién votaste?■ are you for or against the new laws? ¿estás a favor o en contra de las nuevas leyes?10 (despite) a pesar de, para; (considering, contrast) para■ I still love him, for all his faults lo quiero, a pesar de todos sus defectos11 (as) de, como, por■ what do they use for fuel? ¿qué utilizan de combustible?12 (in order to obtain) para■ for further details... para más información....13 (representing) por; (meaning) de■ I can't go to the meeting - will you go for me? no puedo asistir a la reunión - ¿quieres ir en mi lugar?■ what's the Spanish for "pool"? ¿cómo se dice "pool" en castellano?14 (as regards, concerning) por, en cuanto a■ for my part, he can do as he likes por mí, que haga lo que quiera■ as for him, who cares? en cuanto a él, ¿a quién le importa?■ luckily for us, it didn't rain afortunadamente para nosotros, no llovió15 (as part of, as being) por, para■ do you know that for a fact? ¿lo sabes a ciencia cierta?■ what do you want for dinner? ¿qué quieres para comer?1 para16 formal use literal ya que, puesto que\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLas for me por mi parte, en cuanto a mífor all I know que yo sepafor all that a pesar de todo, con todofor good para siemprefor the first time por primera vezfor the last time por última vezoh for...! ¡ojalá tuviera...!■ oh for a star to guide my way! ¡ojalá tuviera una estrella que me guiara los pasos!there's nothing for it but... no hay más remedio que...to be for it cargárselafor ['fɔr] conj: puesto que, porquefor prepclothes for children: ropa para niñosit's time for dinner: es la hora de comer2) because of: porfor fear of: por miedo dea gift for you: un regalo para tihe fought for his country: luchó por su patriaa cure for cancer: una cura para el cáncerfor your own good: por tu propio bienI bought it for $5: lo compré por $5a lot of trouble for nothing: mucha molestia para nada7) as for: para, con respecto ahe's going for two years: se va por dos añosI spoke for ten minutes: hablé (durante) diez minutosshe has known it for three months: lo sabe desde hace tres mesesconj.• para conj.• pues conj.• ya que conj.n.• por s.m.prep.• a causa de prep.• como prep.• de prep.• durante prep.• en honor de prep.• en lugar de prep.• para prep.• por prep.
I fɔːr, fɔː(r), weak form fər, fə(r)1) preposition2)a) ( intended for) parais there a letter for me? — ¿hay carta para mí?
clothes for men/women — ropa de hombre/mujer
is it for sale? — ¿está en venta?, ¿se vende?
b) ( on behalf of) porhe plays for England — forma parte de or juega en la selección inglesa
c) ( in favor of) a favor de3) ( indicating purpose)what's that for? — ¿para qué es eso?, ¿eso para qué sirve?
it's for trimming hedges — es or sirve para recortar setos
to go out for a meal — salir* a comer fuera
to be for it — (colloq)
here comes Dad, we're for it now! — ahí viene papá ahora sí que estamos listos or (Col tb) hechos or (CS tb) fritos! (fam)
4)a) (as)we're having chicken for dinner — vamos a cenar pollo or hay pollo para cenar
what's for dessert? — ¿qué hay de postre?
b) ( representing)what's (the) German for ``ice cream''? — ¿cómo se dice ``helado'' en alemán?
c) ( instead of) porcould you call him for me? — ¿podrías llamarlo tú?, ¿me harías el favor de llamarlo?
5) ( giving reason) porif it weren't for Joe... — si no fuera por Joe...
for one thing it's too costly and for another we don't need it — para empezar es muy caro y además no lo necesitamos
6)a) ( in exchange for) porI bought the book for $10 — compré el libro por 10 dólares
b) ( indicating proportion) porfor every one we find, there are 20 that get away — por cada uno que encontramos, se nos escapan 20
7)a) ( as concerns) para8)a) ( in spite of)for all her faults, she's been very kind to us — tendrá sus defectos, pero con nosotros ha sido muy buena
is there time for us to have a cup of coffee? — ¿tenemos tiempo de tomar un café?
9) ( in exclamations)oh, for some peace and quiet — qué (no) daría yo por un poco de paz y tranquilidad!
10) ( in the direction of) parathe plane/bus for New York — el avión/autobús para or de Nueva York
11)a) ( indicating duration)I've only been here for a day — sólo llevo un día aquí, hace sólo un día que estoy aquí
how long are you going for? — ¿por cuánto tiempo vas?, ¿cuánto tiempo te vas a quedar?
b) ( on the occasion of) parac) (by, before) para12) ( indicating distance)
II
conjunction (liter) pues (liter), puesto que (frml), porque[fɔː(r)] When for is part of a phrasal verb, eg look for, make for, stand for, look up the verb. When it is part of a set combination, eg as for, a gift for, for sale, eager for, look up the other word.1. PREPOSITION1) (=going to) parathe train for London — el tren para or de Londres
2) (=intended for) parais this for me? — ¿es para mí esto?
3) (to express purpose) parawe went to Tossa for our holidays — fuimos a pasar las vacaciones a Tossa, fuimos a Tossa para las vacaciones
•
what for? — ¿para qué?what's it for? — ¿para qué es or sirve?
what do you want it for? — ¿para qué lo quieres?
what did you do that for? — ¿por qué hiciste eso?
4) (employment) para5) (=on behalf of)"I can't iron this shirt" - "don't worry, I'll iron it for you" — -no puedo planchar esta camisa -no te preocupes, yo te la plancho
"I still haven't booked the ticket" - "I'll do it for you" — -no he reservado el billete todavía -ya lo haré yo
who is the representative for your group? — ¿quién es el representante de vuestro grupo?
6) (=as in) de7) (=in exchange for) porhe'll do it for £25 — lo hará por 25 libras
for every one who voted yes, 50 voted no — por cada persona que votó a favor, 50 votaron en contra
•
to pay 50 pence for a ticket — pagar 50 peniques por una entradathe government will match each donation pound for pound — el gobierno igualará cada donativo, libra a libra
•
I sold it for £5 — lo vendí por or en 5 libras8) (=to the value of)a cheque for £500 — un cheque or talón por valor de 500 libras
how much is the cheque for? — ¿por cuánto es el cheque?
a) (making comparisons) parahe's tall/mature for his age — es alto/maduro para su edad or para la edad que tiene
b) (specifying)it was too difficult for her — era demasiado difícil para ella, le era demasiado difícil
that's easy for you to say — para ti es fácil decirlo, a ti te es fácil decirlo
10) (=in favour of) a favor deanyone for a game of cards? — ¿alguien se apunta a una partida de cartas?
•
are you for or against the idea? — ¿estás a favor o en contra de la idea?are you for or against us? — ¿estás con nosotros o en contra?
•
I'm all for it — estoy completamente a favor•
the campaign for human rights — la campaña pro derechos humanos, la campaña en pro de los derechos humanos•
a collection for the poor — una colecta a beneficio de los pobres11) (=as, by way of)what's for dinner? — ¿qué hay para cenar?
12) (=because of) por•
for fear of being criticized — por miedo a la crítica, por temor a ser criticado13) (=in spite of) a pesar de•
for all his wealth — a pesar de su riquezafor all he promised to come, he didn't — a pesar de habérmelo prometido, no vino
a) (future/past duration)When translating for and a period of time, it is often unnecessary to translate for, as in the examples below where durante is optional:Alternatively, translate [for] using [durante], or, especially when talking about very short periods, [por]. Use [por] also with the verb [ir], although again it is often optional in this case:I'm going for three weeks — me voy tres semanas, estaré allí tres semanas
for a moment, he didn't know what to say — por un momento, no supo qué decir
Use hace... que and the present to describe actions and states that started in the past and are still going on. Alternatively use the present and desde hace. Another option is sometimes llevar and the gerund. Don't use the present perfect in Spanish to translate phrases like these, unless they are in the negative.he won't be back for a couple of hours/days — no regresará hasta dentro de un par de horas/días, tardará un par de horas/días en regresar
he has been learning French for two years — hace dos años que estudia francés, estudia francés desde hace dos años, lleva dos años estudiando francés
it has not rained for 3 weeks — hace 3 semanas que no llueve, no llueve or no ha llovido desde hace 3 semanas, lleva 3 semanas sin llover
I have known her for years — hace años que la conozco, la conozco desde hace años
Notice how the tenses change when talking about something that [had] happened or [had been] happening [for] a time:I haven't seen her for two years — hace dos años que no la veo, no la he visto desde hace dos años, no la veo desde hace dos años, llevo dos años sin verla
he had been learning French for two years — hacía dos años que estudiaba francés, estudiaba francés desde hacía dos años, llevaba dos años estudiando francés
I hadn't seen her for two years — hacía dos años que no la veía, no la había visto desde hacía dos años, no la veía desde hacía dos años, llevaba dos años sin verla
15) (=by, before) paracan you do it for tomorrow? — ¿lo puedes hacer para mañana?
when does he want it for? — ¿para cuándo lo quiere?
16) (=on the occasion of) parahe asked his daughter what she would like for her birthday — le preguntó a su hija qué le gustaría para su cumpleaños
17) (=for a distance of)you can see for miles from the top of the hill — desde lo alto de la colina se puede ver hasta muy lejos
for this to be possible... — para que esto sea posible...
it's not for me to tell him what to do — yo no soy quien para decirle or no me corresponde a mí decirle lo que tiene que hacer
•
it's bad for you to smoke so much — te perjudica fumar tanto•
it's best for you to go — es mejor que te vayas•
there is still time for you to do it — todavía tienes tiempo para hacerlowhat's the German for "hill"? — ¿cómo se dice "colina" en alemán?
oh for a cup of tea! — ¡lo que daría por una taza de té!
exampleI'll be for it if he catches me here! * — ¡me la voy a cargar si me pilla aquí! *
2.CONJUNCTION liter pues, puesto queshe avoided him, for he was rude and uncouth — lo eludía puesto que or pues era grosero y ordinario
* * *
I [fɔːr, fɔː(r)], weak form [fər, fə(r)]1) preposition2)a) ( intended for) parais there a letter for me? — ¿hay carta para mí?
clothes for men/women — ropa de hombre/mujer
is it for sale? — ¿está en venta?, ¿se vende?
b) ( on behalf of) porhe plays for England — forma parte de or juega en la selección inglesa
c) ( in favor of) a favor de3) ( indicating purpose)what's that for? — ¿para qué es eso?, ¿eso para qué sirve?
it's for trimming hedges — es or sirve para recortar setos
to go out for a meal — salir* a comer fuera
to be for it — (colloq)
here comes Dad, we're for it now! — ahí viene papá ahora sí que estamos listos or (Col tb) hechos or (CS tb) fritos! (fam)
4)a) (as)we're having chicken for dinner — vamos a cenar pollo or hay pollo para cenar
what's for dessert? — ¿qué hay de postre?
b) ( representing)what's (the) German for ``ice cream''? — ¿cómo se dice ``helado'' en alemán?
c) ( instead of) porcould you call him for me? — ¿podrías llamarlo tú?, ¿me harías el favor de llamarlo?
5) ( giving reason) porif it weren't for Joe... — si no fuera por Joe...
for one thing it's too costly and for another we don't need it — para empezar es muy caro y además no lo necesitamos
6)a) ( in exchange for) porI bought the book for $10 — compré el libro por 10 dólares
b) ( indicating proportion) porfor every one we find, there are 20 that get away — por cada uno que encontramos, se nos escapan 20
7)a) ( as concerns) para8)a) ( in spite of)for all her faults, she's been very kind to us — tendrá sus defectos, pero con nosotros ha sido muy buena
is there time for us to have a cup of coffee? — ¿tenemos tiempo de tomar un café?
9) ( in exclamations)oh, for some peace and quiet — qué (no) daría yo por un poco de paz y tranquilidad!
10) ( in the direction of) parathe plane/bus for New York — el avión/autobús para or de Nueva York
11)a) ( indicating duration)I've only been here for a day — sólo llevo un día aquí, hace sólo un día que estoy aquí
how long are you going for? — ¿por cuánto tiempo vas?, ¿cuánto tiempo te vas a quedar?
b) ( on the occasion of) parac) (by, before) para12) ( indicating distance)
II
conjunction (liter) pues (liter), puesto que (frml), porque -
18 carta
f.1 letter (escrito).carta de agradecimiento letter of thanks, thank you lettercarta de amor love lettercarta bomba letter bombcarta de presentación letter of introduction; (para un tercero) covering letter (con currículum) (British), cover letter (United States)carta de recomendación reference (letter)carta urgente express letter2 (playing) card (naipe).jugar a las cartas to play cards3 menu.comer a la carta to eat à la cartecarta de vinos wine list4 map (mapa).carta astral star chart5 charter (document).cartas credenciales letters of credencecarta de naturaleza naturalization paperscarta de trabajo work permitcarta verde green card* * *1 (misiva) letter2 (naipe) card3 (minuta) menu4 (documento jurídico) charter5 (mapa) chart\a la carta à la cartedar carta blanca a alguien to give somebody a free hand, give somebody carte blancheechar una carta to post a letter, US mail a letterechar las cartas a alguien to tell somebody's fortunejugárselo todo a una carta figurado to put all one's eggs in one basketno saber a qué carta quedarse figurado not to know what to doponer las cartas sobre la mesa figurado to put one's cards on the tabletomar cartas en un asunto figurado to take part in an affaircarta abierta open lettercarta blanca carte blanchecarta certificada registered lettercarta de ajuste TELEVISIÓN test cardcarta de naturaleza / carta de ciudadanía naturalization papers pluralcarta de navegación navigation chartcarta de presentación / carta de recomendación letter of introductioncarta de vinos wine listcarta urgente express letter'Cartas al director' (de un periódico) "Letters to the editor"* * *noun f.1) letter2) card3) charter4) map5) menu* * *SF1) (Correos) letter•
echar una carta (al correo) — to post a letteres un caballero a carta cabal — a true o real gentleman
carta de despido — letter of dismissal, pink slip (EEUU) *
esta exposición es la mejor carta de presentación del pintor — this exhibition is the best introduction to the painter
carta de recomendación — [para un trabajo] letter of recommendation; [como presentación] letter of introduction
carta postal — LAm postcard
2) (Jur, Com) (=documento)tener carta blanca — to have a free hand, have carte blanche
carta de pago — receipt, discharge in full
carta de pedido — (Com) order
carta verde — (Aut) green card, certificate of insurance (EEUU)
3) (=estatuto) charterCarta Magna — (=constitución) constitution; Brit ( Hist) Magna Carta
4) (Naipes) cardfui a una pitonisa a que me echara las cartas — I went to a fortune-teller to have my fortune told with cards
•
jugar a las cartas — to play cards5) (Culin) menu•
a la carta — à la carte6) (=mapa) (Geog) map; (Náut) chartcarta de navegación, carta de viaje, carta de vuelo — flight plan
carta geográfica, carta marítima — chart
carta meteorológica — weather chart, weather map
carta náutica, carta naval — chart
7) (TV)* * *1) (Corresp) letter¿hay carta para mí? — are there any letters for me?, is there any mail for me?
echar una carta al correo — to mail (esp AmE) o (esp BrE) post a letter
carta de despido/renuncia — letter of dismissal/resignation
2) ( naipe) carda carta cabal: es honrado a carta cabal he's completely honest; un caballero a carta cabal a perfect o real gentleman; echarle las cartas a alguien to tell somebody's fortune; jugar bien las cartas to play one's cards right; jugárselo todo a una carta to risk everything on one throw; no saber a qué carta quedarse: no sé a qué carta quedarme I don't know what to think; poner las cartas boca arriba or sobre la mesa to put o lay one's cards on the table; tomar cartas en el asunto — to intervene
3) ( de organización) charter; ( de país) constitution4) ( en restaurante) menu5) (ant) ( mapa) map•* * *= card, envelope, letter, charter.Ex. Add to the designation, when appropriate, the number and the name(s) of the component pieces of the object; e.g., 1 game (1 board), 50 cards, 2 dice.Ex. A jacket or sleeve is a protective envelope for a sound disc, made of cardboard or paper.Ex. Thus, where the text of an article is interspersed amongst advertisements, letters and other contributions, only those pages on which parts of the article are printed are listed.Ex. Libraries may operate under state law, county or municipal ordinances, or charters.----* a la carta = a la carte.* baraja de cartas = pack of playing cards, deck of playing cards, deck of cards.* carta abierta = open letter.* carta adjunta = covering letter.* carta aeronáutica = aeronautical chart.* carta autógrafa = autograph letter.* carta blanca = free hand, carte blanche, blank cheque [blank check, -USA].* carta bomba = letter bomb.* carta certificada = registered letter.* carta comercial = business letter.* carta de adhesión = letter of support.* carta de agradecimiento = note of thanks, thank-you letter.* carta de amor = love letter.* carta de apoyo = letter of support.* carta de baraja = playing card.* carta de barras de color = colour bar.* carta de derechos = charter of rights.* carta de derechos humanos = charter of human rights.* carta de intenciones = letter of intent.* carta de invitación = letter of invitation, invitation letter.* Carta de la ONU, la = UN charter, the.* carta de navegación = aeronautical chart, navigational chart.* carta de nombramiento = letter of appointment.* carta de pedido = order letter.* carta de presentación = cover letter, letter of introduction, calling card.* carta de privilegios = charter.* carta de recomendación = testimonial, letter of recommendation, letter of reference, reference letter.* carta de referencia = reference.* carta de rescate = ransom note.* carta de servicios = service offer.* carta de vinos = wine list.* carta interminable = epistle.* Carta Magna, la = Magna Carta, the.* carta marina = navigational chart.* carta modelo = model letter.* carta náutica = nautical chart.* carta personal = personal letter.* carta real = charter.* cartas al director = letter to the editor.* carta verde = green card.* contestar una carta = answer + letter.* darle a Alguien carta blanca = give + Nombre + a blank cheque.* envío masivo de cartas = mail shot.* escritura de cartas = letter writing.* franquear una carta = frank + letter.* juego de cartas = euchre.* jugar bien + Posesivo + cartas = play + Posesivo + cards right.* jugárselo todo a una sola carta = put + all (of) + Posesivo + eggs in one basket.* libro de registro de entrada y salida de cartas = letterbook [letter book].* poner el matasellos a una carta = postmark.* poner las cartas boca arriba = lay + Posesivo + cards on the table, put + Posesivo + cards on the table.* poner las cartas sobre la mesa = lay + Posesivo + cards on the table, put + Posesivo + cards on the table.* redacción de cartas = letter writing.* registro de salida de cartas = outward letterbook.* tener carta blanca = have + carte-blanche.* tomar carta en = get + stuck into.* * *1) (Corresp) letter¿hay carta para mí? — are there any letters for me?, is there any mail for me?
echar una carta al correo — to mail (esp AmE) o (esp BrE) post a letter
carta de despido/renuncia — letter of dismissal/resignation
2) ( naipe) carda carta cabal: es honrado a carta cabal he's completely honest; un caballero a carta cabal a perfect o real gentleman; echarle las cartas a alguien to tell somebody's fortune; jugar bien las cartas to play one's cards right; jugárselo todo a una carta to risk everything on one throw; no saber a qué carta quedarse: no sé a qué carta quedarme I don't know what to think; poner las cartas boca arriba or sobre la mesa to put o lay one's cards on the table; tomar cartas en el asunto — to intervene
3) ( de organización) charter; ( de país) constitution4) ( en restaurante) menu5) (ant) ( mapa) map•* * *= card, envelope, letter, charter.Ex: Add to the designation, when appropriate, the number and the name(s) of the component pieces of the object; e.g., 1 game (1 board), 50 cards, 2 dice.
Ex: A jacket or sleeve is a protective envelope for a sound disc, made of cardboard or paper.Ex: Thus, where the text of an article is interspersed amongst advertisements, letters and other contributions, only those pages on which parts of the article are printed are listed.Ex: Libraries may operate under state law, county or municipal ordinances, or charters.* a la carta = a la carte.* baraja de cartas = pack of playing cards, deck of playing cards, deck of cards.* carta abierta = open letter.* carta adjunta = covering letter.* carta aeronáutica = aeronautical chart.* carta autógrafa = autograph letter.* carta blanca = free hand, carte blanche, blank cheque [blank check, -USA].* carta bomba = letter bomb.* carta certificada = registered letter.* carta comercial = business letter.* carta de adhesión = letter of support.* carta de agradecimiento = note of thanks, thank-you letter.* carta de amor = love letter.* carta de apoyo = letter of support.* carta de baraja = playing card.* carta de barras de color = colour bar.* carta de derechos = charter of rights.* carta de derechos humanos = charter of human rights.* carta de intenciones = letter of intent.* carta de invitación = letter of invitation, invitation letter.* Carta de la ONU, la = UN charter, the.* carta de navegación = aeronautical chart, navigational chart.* carta de nombramiento = letter of appointment.* carta de pedido = order letter.* carta de presentación = cover letter, letter of introduction, calling card.* carta de privilegios = charter.* carta de recomendación = testimonial, letter of recommendation, letter of reference, reference letter.* carta de referencia = reference.* carta de rescate = ransom note.* carta de servicios = service offer.* carta de vinos = wine list.* carta interminable = epistle.* Carta Magna, la = Magna Carta, the.* carta marina = navigational chart.* carta modelo = model letter.* carta náutica = nautical chart.* carta personal = personal letter.* carta real = charter.* cartas al director = letter to the editor.* carta verde = green card.* contestar una carta = answer + letter.* darle a Alguien carta blanca = give + Nombre + a blank cheque.* envío masivo de cartas = mail shot.* escritura de cartas = letter writing.* franquear una carta = frank + letter.* juego de cartas = euchre.* jugar bien + Posesivo + cartas = play + Posesivo + cards right.* jugárselo todo a una sola carta = put + all (of) + Posesivo + eggs in one basket.* libro de registro de entrada y salida de cartas = letterbook [letter book].* poner el matasellos a una carta = postmark.* poner las cartas boca arriba = lay + Posesivo + cards on the table, put + Posesivo + cards on the table.* poner las cartas sobre la mesa = lay + Posesivo + cards on the table, put + Posesivo + cards on the table.* redacción de cartas = letter writing.* registro de salida de cartas = outward letterbook.* tener carta blanca = have + carte-blanche.* tomar carta en = get + stuck into.* * *A ( Corresp) letter¿hay carta para mí? are there any letters for me?, is there any mail for me?carta de despido/renuncia letter of dismissal/resignationcarta de solicitud letter of applicationCompuestos:open lettercarte blanchele dieron carta blanca she was given carte blanche o a free handletter bombregistered lettercircular( frml) letter of recommendation, referencethank-you letterlove letterreference, letter of recommendationnaturalization papers (pl)tradiciones que ya han adquirido carta de ciudadanía en nuestro país traditions which have been adopted o which are now totally accepted in our countryletter of creditletter of intentletter of introduction● carta de nacionalización or de naturalezanaturalization papers (pl)receipt, official receiptletter of condolencebill of lading, manifestletter of introductionreference, letter of recommendationpastoralfpl credentials (pl)special-delivery lettergreen cardB (naipe) cardbaraja de cartas deck o ( BrE) pack of cardsjugar a las cartas to play cardsbarajar/dar las cartas to shuffle/deal the cardsa carta cabal: es honrado a carta cabal he's completely and utterly honestes un caballero a carta cabal he's a perfect o real gentlemanecharle las cartas a algn to tell sb's fortunefue a que le echaran las cartas he went to have his fortune toldjugar bien las cartas to play one's cards rightjugarse la última carta to play one's last cardtodavía no me he jugado la última carta I still have one card up my sleeve o left to playjugárselo todo a una carta to risk everything on one throwno saber a qué carta quedarse: no sé a qué carta quedarme I don't know what to think, I don't know which story ( o version etc) to believeponer las cartas boca arriba or sobre la mesa to put o lay one's cards on the tabletomar cartas en algo to intervene in sthvoy a tener que tomar cartas en el asunto I'm going to have to step in o interveneCompuestos:● cartas de tarot or del Tarotfpl Tarot cards (pl)● cartas francesas or de pókerC (de una organización) charter; (de un país) constitutionCompuestos:● Carta Constitucional or Fundamental( frml); Constitutionhuman rights charter, charter of human rightsUN CharterUnited Nations Charter(UE) Charter of Fundamental Rights(UE) social chapter o charterD (en un restaurante) menucomer a la carta to eat à la carteCompuesto:wine listCompuestos:astral charttest cardcolor* chartflowchartastral chartchartchartchartflight planchartweather chart* * *
carta sustantivo femenino
1 (Corresp) letter;◊ ¿hay carta para mí? are there any letters for me?;
echar una carta al correo to mail (esp AmE) o (esp BrE) post a letter;
carta adjunta or explicatoria covering letter;
carta blanca carte blanche;
carta certificada registered letter;
carta de amor love letter;
carta de recomendación reference, letter of recommendation;
carta urgente special-delivery letter
2 ( naipe) card;
dar las cartas to deal the cards;
echarle las cartas a algn to tell sb's fortune;
poner las cartas sobre la mesa to put o lay one's cards on the table
3 ( en restaurante) menu;
carta de vinos wine list
carta sustantivo femenino
1 letter
carta abierta, open letter
carta certificada, registered letter
carta de presentación, letter of introduction
2 (de un restaurante) menu: comeremos a la carta, we'll eat à la carte
carta de vinos, wine list
3 Naipes card
jugar a las cartas, to play cards
4 Av Náut chart
5 (documento oficial) papers
carta blanca, carte blanche
carta de naturaleza, naturalization papers 6 carta magna, constitution
♦ Locuciones: figurado adquirir carta de naturaleza, to become widely accepted
echarle las cartas a alguien, to tell somebody's fortune
no saber a qué carta quedarse, not to know what to think about sthg
figurado poner las cartas sobre la mesa, to put o lay one's cards on the table
tomar cartas en un asunto, to intervene in an affair
' carta' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abierta
- abierto
- acompañar
- anónima
- anónimo
- astral
- atentamente
- avión
- certificar
- desalentador
- desalentadora
- destilar
- destinataria
- destinatario
- dictar
- disimulo
- don
- encabezamiento
- estimada
- estimado
- grafológica
- grafológico
- jugarse
- olvidarse
- personal
- recomendación
- sacar
- saludar
- sellar
- señora
- servidor
- servidora
- tenor
- a
- anexo
- borrador
- buzón
- cerrado
- certificado
- cifrar
- comercial
- comodín
- contenido
- contestar
- corazón
- correo
- de
- despachar
- destinado
- difamatorio
English:
acknowledge
- acknowledgement
- address
- answer
- apologetic
- attachment
- bear
- best
- bomb
- card
- carte blanche
- chain letter
- chart
- charter
- compose
- convey
- cover letter
- covering
- date
- direct
- egg
- express
- faithfully
- forget
- formality
- from
- get
- gram
- heading
- include
- insufficient
- leeway
- letter
- letter bomb
- letterhead
- look forward to
- love
- manage
- menu
- missive
- notepaper
- on
- penfriend
- post
- postmark
- receive
- receiver
- recipient
- redirect
- reference
* * *carta nf1. [escrito] letter;carta abierta open letter;carta de agradecimiento letter of thanks, thank you letter;carta de amor love letter;carta blanca carte blanche;dar carta blanca a alguien to give sb carte blanche o a free hand;tiene carta blanca para conceder un crédito she is solely responsible for deciding whether or not to give somebody a loan;carta bomba letter bomb;carta pastoral pastoral letter;carta de pésame letter of condolence;Am carta postal postcard;carta de presentación [para un tercero] letter of introduction;[con un currículum] Br covering letter, US cover letter;carta de recomendación reference (letter);carta urgente express letter2. [naipe] (playing) card;baraja de cartas pack o deck of cards;jugar a las cartas to play cards;echar las cartas a alguien to tell sb's fortune [with cards];voy a ir a que me echen las cartas I'm going to have my fortune told;carta sobre la mesa, pesa once you've played a card, you can't change your mind;enseñar las cartas to show one's hand;jugar a cartas vistas [con honradez] to act openly;[con certeza] to act with certainty;jugar bien sus cartas to play one's cards right;jugarse la última carta to play one's last card;jugarse todo a una carta to put all one's eggs in one basket;no saber a qué carta quedarse to be unsure;carta falsa low card3. [menú] menu;a la carta [menú] à la carte;[televisión, programación] pay-per-view;comer a la carta to eat à la carte;no tienen menú del día y hay que comer a la carta they don't have a set menu, you have to choose from the à la carte menu;un servicio a la carta a tailor-made servicecarta de vinos wine list4. [mapa] map;Náut chart carta astral star chart, astrological chart;carta de marear sea chart;carta marina sea chart;carta meteorológica weather map5. [documento] charterNáut carta de contramarca letter of reprisal;cartas credenciales letters of credence;Com carta de crédito letter of credit; Com carta de crédito documentaria documentary letter of credit; Náut carta de fletamento charter party;carta fundacional founding charter;carta general form letter;carta de hidalguía letters patent of nobility;Dep carta de libertad:dar la carta de libertad a alguien to give sb a free transfer;Carta Magna [constitución] constitution;Náut carta de marca letters-of-marque;carta de naturaleza naturalization papers;Com carta de pago receipt; Com carta de pedido order;la Carta Social the Social Charter;carta de trabajo work permit;Com carta de venta bill of sale;carta verde green card [for international car insurance]7. Compa carta cabal through and through;es un hombre íntegro a carta cabal he's honest through and through;tomar cartas en un asunto to intervene in a matter* * *f1 letter2 GASTR menu;a la carta à la carte3 ( naipe) playing card;jugar a las cartas play cards;jugar a cartas vistas play straight;jugarse todo a una carta risk everything on one throw;tomar cartas en el asunto intervene in the matter;poner las cartas boca arriba fig put one’s cards on the table;honrado a carta cabal utterly honest;no saber a qué carta quedarse not know what to do;echar las cartas a alguien tell s.o.’s fortune4 ( mapa) chart* * *carta nf1) : letter2) naipe: playing card3) : charter, constitution4) menú: menu5) : map, chart6)tomar cartas en : to intervene in* * *carta n1. (escrito) letter2. (naipe) card / playing card3. (lista de comidas) menu -
19 e-mail signature
E-comthe text at the bottom of an e-mail that contains information about the sender.In general, the signature should be no longer than five lines, but it can be used in marketing to place a short, two-line ad. Email signature promotion was used very effectively when Andersen Consulting changed its name to Accenture. Every time one of its 60,000 employees sent an e-mail, there was a short e-mail signature ad notifying the recipient of the change of name. -
20 Νηρεύς
Νηρεύς, έως, ὁ Nereus (the old mythological name as a personal name e.g. IG III, 1053, 11; 1160, 62; 1177, 48 also CIL); freq. borne by freedmen and slaves, some of them in the imperial service (Zahn, Einleitung I3 299). W. his sister, recipient of a greeting: ἀσπάσασθε Νηρέα (v.l. Βηρέα) καὶ τ. ἀδελφὴν αὐτοῦ Ro 16:15. Kl. Pauly IV 69.—DELG. LGPN I. M-M.
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